Fault Analysis and Control of Inverter-Interfaced Energy Systems for Reliable Protective Relaying

逆变器接口能源系统的故障分析和控制以实现可靠的继电保护

• 批准号: RGPIN-2017-04990
• 负责人: Azzouz, Maher
• 金额: $ 1.75万
• 依托单位: University of Windsor
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=752027
• 关键词: Fault; Analysis; Control; Inverter; Interfaced

Green energy and smart grid initiatives are driving the move from legacy power systems toward sustainable systems with new features such as microgrids and renewable energy sources (RES). Bridging the gap between the renewable energy industry and relay manufacturers, this research will respond to growing challenges related to protective relaying to ensure the fault resiliency and reliability of next-generation power systems. The following issues will be investigated.1. Microgrid fault analysis: Lack of accurate fault analysis algorithms for microgrids forces protection engineers either (i) to use conventional short-circuit calculation tools that fail to provide reliable microgrid protection or (ii) to employ detailed time-domain microgrid simulation models that are time-consuming and commercially infeasible. For these reasons, optimal protection coordination of directional overcurrent relays (DOCRs) has been limited to microgrids that employ synchronous generators (SGs), whereas modern microgrids are typically powered by inverter-interfaced distributed generators (IIDGs). To address this gap, sequence-component inverter fault models will be developed that include consideration of different control modes, inverter current limits, and reactive current generation (RCG) requirements, and will then be integrated into new microgrid short-circuit calculations. The resultant fault analysis algorithms will be exploited for the creation of new protection coordination indices and the optimization of DOCR operation.2. Microgrid phase selection: To improve microgrid reliability and resiliency during faults, phase selection methods (PSMs) should accurately trip faulty phases. Significant differences between IIDG and SG fault current signatures can cause the misoperation of existing PSMs. This research will address this problem at its source, i.e., the inverter side, by developing new control algorithms in the sequence-component control frames to enable accurate operation of the PSMs used by commercial relays.3. Distance protection of renewable energy systems: Distance relays are normally utilized as either primary or backup transmission system protection. Inverter-interfaced RES can cause unreliable relay impedance measurements, thus impairing the operation of distance relays. This research will develop new fault ride-through and RCG techniques that can provide ancillary services to distance relays, leading to accurate impedance measurements without the need for relay communication or upgrades.The fault analysis and inverter control algorithms developed through this program will be crucial for (i) fault-resilient and sustainable microgrid operation, (ii) greater RES penetration, and (iii) cost-effective protective relaying. The industrial beneficiaries include Canadian utilities, relay manufacturers, and the renewable energy industry.

绿色能源和智能电网计划正在推动传统电力系统向具有微电网和可再生能源 (RES) 等新功能的可持续系统转变。这项研究将弥合可再生能源行业和继电器制造商之间的差距，应对与继电保护相关的日益增长的挑战，以确保下一代电力系统的故障恢复能力和可靠性。将调查以下问题： 1．微电网故障分析：缺乏准确的微电网故障分析算法迫使保护工程师要么（i）使用无法提供可靠的微电网保护的传统短路计算工具，要么（ii）采用详细的时域微电网仿真模型-消耗性且商业上不可行。由于这些原因，方向过流继电器（DOCR）的最佳保护协调仅限于采用同步发电机（SG）的微电网，而现代微电网通常由逆变器接口分布式发电机（IIDG）供电。为了解决这一差距，将开发序列分量逆变器故障模型，其中包括考虑不同的控制模式、逆变器电流限制和无功电流生成（RCG）要求，然后将其集成到新的微电网短路计算中。由此产生的故障分析算法将用于创建新的保护协调指标和优化DOCR运行。2．微电网选相：为了提高微电网在故障期间的可靠性和弹性，选相方法（PSM）应准确地跳闸故障相。 IIDG 和 SG 故障电流特征之间的显着差异可能会导致现有 PSM 的误操作。本研究将通过在序列组件控制框架中开发新的控制算法，从源头（即逆变器侧）解决这个问题，以实现商用继电器所使用的 PSM 的精确操作。 3．可再生能源系统的距离保护：距离继电器通常用作主要或备用传输系统保护。逆变器接口 RES 可能导致继电器阻抗测量不可靠，从而损害距离继电器的运行。这项研究将开发新的故障穿越和 RCG 技术，为距离继电器提供辅助服务，从而无需继电器通信或升级即可进行精确的阻抗测量。通过该项目开发的故障分析和逆变器控制算法对于(i) 故障恢复能力和可持续的微电网运行，(ii) 更大的可再生能源渗透率，以及 (iii) 具有成本效益的继电保护。工业受益者包括加拿大公用事业公司、继电器制造商和可再生能源行业。