Understand Ephemeral Gully Mechanics and Develop Large Scale Decision Support Systems for Improved Watershed Management

了解短暂的沟壑力学并开发大规模决策支持系统以改进流域管理

• 批准号: RGPIN-2017-04400
• 负责人: Daggupati, Prasad
• 金额: $ 1.89万
• 依托单位: University of Guelph
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=753176
• 关键词: Understand; Ephemeral; Gully; Mechanics; Develop

Non-point source pollution especially sediment and phosphorus runoff from agricultural fields are severely impairing several water bodies across the world. In the recent decade, Lake Erie (one of the Great Lakes) is under serious threat due to increased levels of harmful pollutants especially sediment-bound phosphorus. In 2011, the phosphorus-induced algae blooms in Lake Erie were exceedingly high and the summer of 2015 produced the largest algae bloom in 100 years. This degradation is projected to worsen with continued anthropogenic climate and landuse change. The research towards reducing the sediment and phosphorus runoff is focused more towards understanding sheet and rill erosion processes, develop Hydrologic and Water Quality (HWQ) models that simulate these processes and use models to investigate policy relevant issues. Only in the recent decade, Ephemeral Gullies (EGs) are identified as a major source and studies have shown that they contribute more than sheet and rill erosion. EGs are localized areas of soil erosion that act as small channels that transfer fine sediment and phosphorus from upland agricultural fields to stream channels. In the last few years, efforts are being made to study EGs resulting from tillage operations (early summer) and are being included as sub-routines in few HWQ models. These developed sub-routines can only simulate EG erosion but not phosphorus runoff. Furthermore, in northern latitudes (Canada), the EGs form not only during early summer (after tillage) but also during late spring as a result of snowmelt processes.My research program, in the next five years, will advance the understanding of the science behind EG dynamics (e.g. formation, morphology) and the transport mechanisms (e.g. sediment and phosphorus runoff). Furthermore, a novel model capable of identifying EGs and also estimating sediment and phosphorus runoff in all climatic/seasonal conditions under different spatial and temporal scales will be developed. The developed model will be coupled into widely used Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) and an integrated web-based decision support system (IWBDSS) will be developed. IWBDSS will be applied in watersheds contributing to Lake Erie to support a wide variety of watershed planning, economic and policy analysis and ultimately help Ontario's government vision to reduce 40% phosphorus entering Lake Erie by 2025. The models and decision support systems developed can also be applied in any watershed across Canada or in the world to make better integrated watershed management decisions. Most importantly, my research program will produce next generation engineers/researchers proficient in both field experimentation and usage/development of HWQ models and capable of providing engineered solutions to emerging and future water quantity and quality issues under changing landuse and climate.

非点源污染，尤其是农田的沉积物和磷径流严重损害了世界各地的几个水体。在最近的十年中，由于有害污染物的水平增加，伊利湖（其中一个伟大的湖泊之一）受到严重威胁。 2011年，伊利湖磷诱发的藻类开花极高，2015年夏天产生了100年来最大的藻类开花。这种降解预计会随着人为气候和土地废物的持续变化而恶化。减少沉积物和磷径流的研究更加集中于理解表和rill侵蚀过程，开发水文和水质（HWQ）模型，这些模型模拟这些过程并使用模型来研究政策相关问题。仅在最近的十年中，短暂的沟壑（例如）被确定为主要来源，研究表明，它们的贡献不仅仅是薄板和rill侵蚀。例如，是土壤侵蚀的局部区域，它充当小通道，这些通道将细腻的沉积物和磷从高地农田转移到溪流通道。在过去的几年中，正在努力研究由耕作作业（初夏）产生的EG，并将其作为子仪列入几种HWQ模型。这些开发的子路线只能模拟侵蚀，而不能模拟磷径流。此外，在北部纬度（加拿大）中，EGS不仅在夏季（耕种后），而且在春季末期由于融雪过程而形成。在接下来的五年中，我的研究计划将促进EG动态背后的科学理解（例如，形成，形态）和运输机制（例如，Satiment和Sediment and phossoff and phossoff and Frunoff and Frunsoff）。此外，将开发一个能够鉴定EG的新型模型，并在不同的空间和时间尺度下在所有气候/季节性条件下估计沉积物和磷径流。开发的模型将耦合到广泛使用的土壤和水评估工具（SWAT）中，将开发基于Web的综合决策支持系统（IWBDSS）。 IWBDS将在为伊利湖贡献的流域中应用，以支持各种流域计划，经济和政策分析，并最终帮助安大略省政府的愿景减少到2025年的40％磷进入伊利湖。开发的模型和决策支持系统也可以在整个加拿大的任何水域中都应用于整个水域或在整个世界各地的水域中，以使其成为更好地整合沃特群公司。最重要的是，我的研究计划将使下一代工程师/研究人员精通HWQ模型的现场实验和使用/开发，并能够在不断变化的土地用途和气候下提供工程解决方案，以提供新兴和未来的水量和质量问题。