1D and hybrid catalysts: from few particles to gas diffusion electrodes

一维和混合催化剂：从少量颗粒到气体扩散电极

• 批准号: RGPIN-2020-05950
• 负责人: Tavares, Ana
• 金额: $ 3.35万
• 依托单位: Institut national de la recherche scientifique
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=752673
• 关键词: 1D; hybrid; catalysts; few; particles

The world energy demand grows rapidly, and the innovation and development of alternative energy sources are absolutely fundamental to meet this need, and to reduce the dependency on fossil fuels and the emission of greenhouse gases. It is well recognized that electrochemical devices for power generation systems, such as fuel cells and metal-air batteries, and electrolyzers play an important role in the arena of sustainable energy. Electrolyzers allow the conversion of electrical energy available from renewable sources into energy stored in the form of chemical bonds (fuels), into add-value chemicals (e.g., H2O2), and could be applied in the removal of persistent contaminants from water. Precious metals (Pt and Pt-based alloys) and precious metal oxides (RuO2 and IrO2) remain the most efficient catalysts for the oxygen reduction and evolution reactions, respectively. These are the reactions occurring at the oxygen electrodes in these devices, and are both characterized by sluggish kinetics and high overpotentials. This research program aims to develop novel low cost and active catalysts for the oxygen electrode and to investigate their structural - properties - stability relationships, of great significance for fuel cells, metal - air batteries and electrolyzers. More specifically, high aspect ratio perovskite and M / La2O3 and hybrid nanoparticle catalysts derived from transition metal oxides from groups IV and V will be investigated. Studies will be conducted on few oxide nanoparticles, on the standard nanoparticles thin film deposited on the surface of disk electrodes, and on gas diffusion electrodes. This approach will fill the gap between structure - activity - stability of oxide catalysts at the screening and applied levels. The benefits related to this research program include the training HQP with skills relevant to Canadian industry and to academia. A total of 3 PhD students, 1 MSc student and 1 undergraduate student per year will be involved in the research program. In addition, it will provide new opportunities for long term R&D collaborations with the industry.

世界能源需求迅速增长，替代能源的创新和发展绝对满足这种需求，并减少对化石燃料和温室气体排放的依赖。众所周知，发电系统（例如燃料电池和金属电池）的电化学设备以及电解器在可持续能源领域起着重要作用。电解器允许将可再生能源可用的电能转换为以化学键（燃料）形式存储的能量，将附加化学物质（例如H2O2）转化为添加值，并可以用于去除持续的污染物中。贵金属（基于PT和PT的合金）和贵金属氧化物（RUO2和IRO2）分别是氧还原和进化反应的最有效催化剂。这些是在这些设备中发生的氧电极上发生的反应，既有动力学缓慢和高电势。该研究计划旨在为氧电极开发新型的低成本和活性催化剂，并研究其结构性 - 性质 - 稳定性关系，对燃料电池，金属 - 空气电池和电解层具有重要意义。更具体地说，将研究从IV和V的过渡金属氧化物中得出的高纵横比钙钛矿和M / LA2O3和杂化纳米颗粒催化剂。研究将在几个氧化物纳米颗粒上，对沉积在磁盘电极表面的标准纳米颗粒薄膜以及气体扩散电极上进行研究。这种方法将填补氧化催化剂在筛选和应用水平上的结构 - 活性 - 稳定性之间的空白。 与该研究计划相关的好处包括培训HQP具有与加拿大行业和学术界相关的技能。该研究计划将涉及总共3名博士学位学生，1名MSC学生和1名本科生。此外，它将为与该行业的长期研发合作提供新的机会。