Transforming Hybrid Micro-Grids from Theory into Reality through Innovative Power Electronics Technology

通过创新电力电子技术将混合微电网从理论变为现实

• 批准号: RGPIN-2018-04092
• 负责人: Eren, Suzan
• 金额: $ 2.04万
• 依托单位: Queen's University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=752092
• 关键词: Transforming; Hybrid; Micro; Grids; Theory

Globally, the energy industry is shifting away from using fossil-fuel based energies due to their finite supply and rising concerns about climate change. This shift can be observed in Canada, where wind and solar energy are the fastest growing energy sources. As a result, there is a great interest in developing the technology necessary to bring renewable energy to the forefront. Micro-grids allow renewable energy systems to be integrated into the power system, making them the main building blocks of future power systems. There are three types of micro-grids: AC, DC, and hybrid micro-grids. AC micro-grids have been an active research topic, as the current grid infrastructure is based on AC power delivery. Thus, AC micro-grids can be used to integrate renewable energy sources into the current infrastructure. However, the exponential growth of DC sources/loads (e.g., solar power, LEDs, batteries, smartphones, chargers, computers, servers) make the development of a DC micro-grid desirable. Thus far, the use of DC micro-grids has been limited to a few applications such as telecom.Hybrid micro-grids can effectively combine DC sources/loads with the AC grid infrastructure. Thus, they take advantage of the efficiency of a DC system, while also being able to use the current AC grid infrastructure. Power converters are key components used in hybrid micro-grids, because they control the power flow within micro-grids and to the utility grid. The structure of hybrid micro-grids introduces a new set of challenges that must be addressed by power converters. Power converters should be able to smoothly operate hybrid micro-grids and manage the interactions between their AC and DC sides. Thus, hybrid micro-grids require power converters with more advanced control systems to perform their desired functions.My long-term vision for this proposed research program is to develop new power converters that utilize advanced nonlinear control techniques tailored for hybrid micro-grids, which allow them to seamlessly integrate renewable energy sources into the current AC grid infrastructure. Currently, a centralized control paradigm is used to harmonize different components through communication systems. Unfortunately, this approach is unreliable and highly limits the performance of each component within the hybrid micro-grid. In this research program, a decentralized control paradigm will be developed based on the use of a multi-agent hybrid control system that can maximize the performance of power converters and enable hybrid micro-grids to operate robustly. The proposed hybrid micro-grids will provide reliable and efficient electricity in both populated and remote areas, making it well-suited towards the vast geography of Canada. This research program will train HQP (2 PhD, and 5 MSc) for high-quality jobs in the fast-growing energy sector and bring Canada to the forefront of hybrid micro-grid technology.

在全球范围内，由于化石燃料能源的供应有限以及对气候变化的担忧日益加剧，能源行业正在逐渐放弃使用化石燃料能源。这种转变可以在加拿大观察到，风能和太阳能是增长最快的能源。因此，人们对开发将可再生能源推向前沿所需的技术抱有极大的兴趣。微电网允许将可再生能源系统集成到电力系统中，使其成为未来电力系统的主要组成部分。微电网分为三种类型：交流微电网、直流微电网和混合微电网。交流微电网一直是一个活跃的研究课题，因为当前的电网基础设施基于交流电力输送。因此，交流微电网可用于将可再生能源整合到当前的基础设施中。然而，直流电源/负载（例如太阳能、LED、电池、智能手机、充电器、计算机、服务器）的指数增长使得直流微电网的发展成为必要。到目前为止，直流微电网的使用仅限于电信等少数应用。混合微电网可以有效地将直流电源/负载与交流电网基础设施结合起来。因此，他们利用直流系统的效率，同时也能够使用当前的交流电网基础设施。功率转换器是混合微电网中使用的关键组件，因为它们控制微电网内以及流向公用电网的功率流。混合微电网的结构带来了功率转换器必须解决的一系列新挑战。电源转换器应该能够平稳地运行混合微电网并管理其交流侧和直流侧之间的相互作用。因此，混合微电网需要具有更先进控制系统的电力转换器来执行其所需的功能。我对这个拟议研究计划的长期愿景是开发新的电力转换器，利用专为混合微电网量身定制的先进非线性控制技术，这使他们能够将可再生能源无缝集成到当前的交流电网基础设施中。目前，集中控制范例用于通过通信系统协调不同的组件。不幸的是，这种方法不可靠，并且极大地限制了混合微电网中每个组件的性能。在该研究计划中，将基于使用多智能体混合控制系统开发分散控制范例，该系统可以最大限度地提高功率转换器的性能并使混合微电网能够稳健运行。拟议的混合微电网将为人口稠密和偏远地区提供可靠、高效的电力，使其非常适合加拿大广阔的地理环境。该研究计划将为快速增长的能源领域的高质量工作培训 HQP（2 名博士和 5 名硕士），并使加拿大走在混合微电网技术的最前沿。