Biogeophysics of Bacterial-Mineral Interactions in Surface and Groundwater Systems

地表水和地下水系统中细菌-矿物质相互作用的生物地球物理学

• 批准号: RGPIN-2018-05839
• 负责人: Ferris, Frederick
• 金额: $ 3.64万
• 依托单位: University of Toronto
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=751224
• 关键词: Biogeophysics; Bacterial; Mineral; Interactions; Surface

The objective of the proposed research program is to develop a quantitative understanding of the influence of water flow on the physical and biogeochemical properties and of composite bacterial-mineral aggregates in aqueous systems. Specifically, studies will focus on how hydrodynamic shear densification (i.e., poroelastic deformation) influences microbial activity, bacterial-mineral aggregate structure, size, porosity, permeability, bulk density, and settling behavior. The complex interplay between these various material properties and environmental mass transport also provide scientific context for geophysical investigations using ground penetrating radar and electrical resistivity tomography to detect and image bacterial-mineral interactions in the environment by calibration of geophysical measurements with direct measurements of biogeophysical material properties of bacterial-mineral aggregates. Such insight is of fundamental relevance to addressing the complex interactions between physical, chemical, biological and hydrological processes that regulate nutrient cycling, contaminant transport and water quality, and the exchange of water between subsurface and surface reservoirs. The use of direct measurements of biogeophysical material properties to calibrate indirect geophysical estimates additionally offers numerous potential new applications that range from investigations on the characteristic spatial variability of bacterial-mineral interactions over larger areas, as well as monitoring biogeochemical responses to ongoing natural and anthropogenic environmental change, to exploration of life in extreme environments (e.g., deep subsurface biosphere, other planets).

拟议的研究计划的目的是对水流对物理和生物地球化学特性以及水性系统中复合细菌骨料的影响进行定量理解。 具体而言，研究将重点介绍流体动力剪切致密化（即毛弹性变形）如何影响微生物活性，细菌矿物质骨料结构，大小，孔隙度，渗透率，渗透率，块状密度和沉降行为。 这些各种物质特性与环境质量运输之间的复杂相互作用还为地球物理研究提供了科学环境，使用地面穿透性雷达和电阻率断层扫描，通过校准地球物理测量的生物体物理材料特性的直接测量，通过校准地球物理测量值来检测和图像在环境中的细菌矿物质相互作用。这种洞察力与解决养分循环，污染物运输和水质的物理，化学，生物学和水文过程之间的复杂相互作用以及在地下和地表储层之间的水交换。 使用直接测量生物地球物理材料特性校准地质地球物理估计值还提供了许多潜在的新应用，范围从对较大区域的细菌阵线相互作用的特征空间可变性进行调查，以及在较大区域的特征空间可变性，以及监测生物地球化学响应对正在进行的自然和人类环境变化的生物地球化学响应，到探索的生物变化，探索了其他环境，并探索了另一个极端的环境（行星）。