Biological activity and mechanisms of peptides derived from oat proteins

燕麦蛋白肽的生物活性及作用机制

• 批准号: RGPIN-2017-06407
• 负责人: Tsopmo, Apollinaire
• 金额: $ 1.82万
• 依托单位: Carleton University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=748133
• 关键词: Biological; activity; mechanisms; peptides; derived

The ability of the human body to maintain a redox balance is compromised in the presence of excess oxidant molecules. This can occur when oxidized foods is consumed, during infection or exposure to transition metals all of which, increased the production of reactive oxygen species (i.e. free radicals). This redox imbalance is involved in the etiology of several chronic diseases including cancer, cardiovascular diseases and macular degeneration. Compounds that have antioxidant activities can prevent oxidative deterioration of foods and also reduce the risk factors associated with the above chronic ailments. Although, the consumption of cereals is correlated with a decreased incidence of some of age-related diseases, the nature of food ingredients responsible for the observed effects and their mechanisms of action are not well defined. The aim of this research is to identify bioactive peptides in grains and to determine their mechanism of action at the cellular level in order to elucidate the active elements that contribute to disease prevention. Increased utilization of oat seeds for fibres extraction leaves behind a high protein residue about 50% by weight that will be used as sources of new bioactive peptides to prevent the deterioration of foods, to reduce oxidative stress and ultimately improve Canadians' health. The approach will include optimum extraction of proteins and subsequent enzymatic digestion; separations and identification of peptides; and the determination of chemical descriptors responsible for activities. It will also determine the localization of peptides and their interaction with phospholipids in cellular models as well as peptide metabolites. Advantages of using peptides as antioxidant substances in food systems include their additional nutritional functions. The results will lead to a development of model to study the antioxidant properties of food-derived peptides, and to a better understanding of their role in the regulation/prevention of chronic human diseases. It will also enhance value-added utilization of oat seeds with significant economic benefits to the Canadian economy.

过量氧化剂分子的存在会损害人体维持氧化还原平衡的能力。当食用氧化食品、感染或接触过渡金属时，就会发生这种情况，所有这些都会增加活性氧（即自由基）的产生。这种氧化还原失衡与多种慢性疾病的病因有关，包括癌症、心血管疾病和黄斑变性。具有抗氧化活性的化合物可以防止食品氧化变质，还可以减少与上述慢性疾病相关的危险因素。尽管谷物的消费与一些与年龄相关的疾病的发病率降低有关，但造成所观察到的影响的食品成分的性质及其作用机制尚不清楚。本研究的目的是鉴定谷物中的生物活性肽并确定其在细胞水平上的作用机制，以阐明有助于疾病预防的活性成分。增加利用燕麦种子提取纤维会留下约 50% 重量的高蛋白质残留物，这些蛋白质残留物将用作新生物活性肽的来源，以防止食品变质、减少氧化应激并最终改善加拿大人的健康。该方法将包括蛋白质的最佳提取和随后的酶消化；肽的分离和鉴定；以及确定负责活动的化学描述符。它还将确定细胞模型中肽的定位及其与磷脂的相互作用以及肽代谢物。在食品系统中使用肽作为抗氧化物质的优点包括其额外的营养功能。研究结果将导致开发模型来研究食品源肽的抗氧化特性，并更好地了解它们在调节/预防人类慢性疾病中的作用。它还将提高燕麦种子的增值利用，为加拿大经济带来显着的经济效益。