Protecting infrastructure against flow-entrained debris - a new approach

保护基础设施免受流动夹带碎片的影响 - 一种新方法

• 批准号: RGPIN-2019-05055
• 负责人: Nistor, Ioan
• 金额: $ 4.62万
• 依托单位: University of Ottawa
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=749471
• 关键词: Protecting; infrastructure; against; flow; entrained

Extreme events such as hurricane- and tsunami-induced coastal inundation or inland flash floods have caused wide-spread destruction and claimed thousands of lives while impacting communities located in their path. The Tohoku Tsunami 2011 in Japan and Hurricane Katrina 2005 in the US are examples of such devastating events. Nowadays, warning and evacuation measures rely heavily on accurately forecasting site-specific hazard potential implications at a specific site. The inability to predict the effects of debris impacts and loading on structures remains one of the unsolved problems in hydraulic engineering. The main goals of the current research program are to investigate the mechanisms of debris motion, debris damming and debris impacts on structures and to contribute to the development of new and reliable design standards. Research ideas proposed herein are direct results of observations and findings stemming from field investigations as well as of the criticism and the lack of clarity/validation of the provisions of the current design guidelines and standards with respect to debris motion and impact. The long-term goal is to incorporate the new concepts, methods, and tools developed from this research into the quantification of debris loads and design demand parameters that can be used to improve design guidelines for infrastructure located in flood-prone areas. Additional funding from other grants and unique experimental facilities in Canada (Univ. of Ottawa, Hannover Coastal Research Center-Germany and Waseda Univ.-Japan) will be used to support this research program, which is anticipated to be pursued over the duration of the next decade by the applicant. The results of this research program, one of the very few in the world, will ultimately lead to the development of reliable design guidelines and tools that will be used by engineers and coastal zone managers and planners to properly design coastal and hydraulic infrastructure located in flood-prone areas. Expected Impact This research program is expected to be a step-changing development which will dramatically increase the accuracy of tools and models predicting extreme hydrodynamic and debris loading on structures by incorporating the probabilistic behavior of debris entrained in extreme flows. Pushing the current limits of experimental hydraulics presents great potential to significantly advance the way engineers design critical infrastructure to save lives and protect economic assets when natural hazards occur. The applicant's research work from the previous Discovery grant has been incorporated in the new ASCE7 Chapter 6 design standard for tsunami resistant structures - it is expected that the results of this proposed research program will become valuable additions to these continuously-evolving standards. Finally, this research will result in the training of 3 PhD, 2 MSc and 3 BEng students, who will acquire highly desired, advanced skills in hydraulic and coastal engineering.

诸如飓风和海啸引起的沿海淹没或内陆山洪洪水等极端事件造成了广泛的破坏，并夺走了数千人的生命，同时影响了他们道路上的社区。 2011年日本的Tohoku Tsunami和2005年在美国的卡特里娜飓风是此类毁灭性事件的例子。如今，警告和疏散措施在很大程度上取决于在特定地点准确预测特定地点的危险潜在影响。无法预测调试影响和负载对结构的影响仍然是氢化工程中未解决的问题之一。当前研究计划的主要目标是调查调试运动，碎片堵塞和调试对结构的影响的机制，并为新的可靠设计标准的发展做出贡献。本文提出的研究思想是观察结果和发现的直接结果，以及对碎片运动和影响的当前设计指南和标准的规定的清晰度/验证的明确/验证。长期的目标是将这项研究开发的新概念，方法和工具纳入碎片负载和设计需求参数的量化，这些杂物负载和设计需求参数可用于改善位于洪水泛滥地区的基础设施的设计准则。加拿大其他赠款和独特的实验设施（渥太华大学，汉诺威沿海研究中心 - 派德和瓦萨大学）的额外资金将用于支持该研究计划，预计该计划将在未来十年的时间内被适用。该研究计划是世界上少数几个研究计划之一，最终将导致开发可靠的设计准则和工具，这些指南和工具将被工程师和沿海地区的经理和规划师使用，以正确设计位于洪水泛滥地区的沿海和氢基础设施。预期该研究计划有望成为一种逐步改变的发展，它将大大提高工具和模型的准确性，从而通过将调试入口的概率行为纳入极端流中。在当前的实验水力学限制中，具有巨大的潜力，可以显着推动工程师设计关键基础设施的方式，以挽救生命并在发生自然危害时保护经济资产。申请人的研究工作已经纳入了新的ASCE7 ASCE7第6章抗性结构的设计标准中 - 预计该提出的研究计划的结果将成为这些连续发展的标准的宝贵补充。最后，这项研究将导致培训3次博士学位，2名MSC和3名孟加拉学生，他们将获得高度期望的高级技能。