3D-AM Thermally Smart Composites for Highly Sustainable and Energy Efficient Building Design and Retrofitting

3D-AM 热智能复合材料用于高度可持续和节能的建筑设计和改造

• 批准号: RGPIN-2022-03808
• 负责人: Lachemi, Mohamed
• 金额: $ 3.13万
• 依托单位: Ryerson University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=749373
• 关键词: 3D; AM; Thermally; Smart; Composites

Reducing energy-related CO2 emissions from the construction sector is critical to curbing the unprecedented recent increase in the global mean abundance of carbon dioxide. According to the 2020 Global Status Report for Buildings and Construction, the sector accounts for almost 38% of energy- and process-related CO2 emissions worldwide. In particular, cement production and energy use in construction and its operational phases, and the disposal of demolition waste after the service life cycle, are the major sources of emission related to the building sector. Despite the severe environmental impact, almost all construction projects still rely on decades-old - and unstainable -- methods of construction and retrofitting, which need to be updated with novel methodologies to advance the construction industry toward greater sustainability. To eliminate the environmental impact of cementitious concretes and limit the energy use of buildings while properly recycling construction and demolition wastes (CDW), this research proposes to develop novel, thermally-smart, eco-friendly and energy-saving CDW-based geopolymer composites that can be easily used as structural and insulation/retrofitting materials in new and existing buildings via three-dimensional additive manufacturing (3D-AM) processing techniques. It is expected they will have the advantages of phase change materials (PCMs) in terms of enhanced storage capacity, be completely stable and PCM leak-proof, be optimally designed with conductive fillers for maximizing their thermal conductivity and have high mechanical and durability performance. Further, they will be based entirely on CDW materials through their maximized inclusion as binders, aggregates and hardeners. Hence, the resulting thermally smart composites will be optimized for the 3D printing process by fulfilling the required rheological, thixotropic, mechanical and printability properties of additive manufacturing. The targeted geopolymer composites will be developed to suit any building design and retrofitting application through reinforced building envelope walls and retrofitting/coating techniques. The final performance assessment of these innovative systems will be undertaken on laboratory-scale prototypes under various hot and cold environments to ensure that the targeted thermal performances are achieved. Also, sustainability and cost effectiveness will be ensured from material synthesis to the final application of the developed composites by performing environmental and cost assessment analyses throughout the planned tasks. The outcome of the proposed research will be to greatly reduce energy consumption by the building sector in Canada and around the world, and to find practical, ecological solutions for the mass recycling of landfilled CDW materials. Such energy savings are expected to be a significant advancement toward decarbonizing the construction industry and reducing global CO2 emissions and related climate change impact.

减少建筑部门的能源相关的二氧化碳排放对于遏制二氧化碳二氧化碳的全球平均丰度近期增长至关重要。根据2020年全球建筑物和建筑地位报告，该行业占全球能源和过程相关的二氧化碳排放量的38％。特别是，在使用寿命周期之后，建筑及其运营阶段的水泥生产和能源用途以及拆除浪费的处置是与建筑部门相关的排放来源。尽管有严重的环境影响，但几乎所有建筑项目仍然依赖数十年历史且无法有害的建筑和改造方法，这些方法需要使用新颖的方法来更新，以将建筑行业推向更大的可持续性。为了消除水泥混凝土对环境的影响并限制建筑物的能源使用，同时可以正确回收施工和拆除废物（CDW）（CDW），这项研究提出了开发新颖，热能，环保和节能CDW的基于CDW的Geopolymer Coposies，可以通过三维添加剂制造（3D-AM）处理技术轻松地用作新建筑物和现有建筑物中的结构和绝缘材料。预计他们将在增强的存储容量方面具有相变材料（PCM）的优势，完全稳定且防PCM泄漏，可以最佳地设计用于最大化其导热率并具有较高的机械和耐用性能。此外，它们将完全基于CDW材料，以最大化的包含作为粘合剂，聚集体和硬化剂。因此，通过履行添加剂制造的所需的流变学，触变，机械性和可打印性能，将对3D打印过程进行优化的热智能复合材料。将开发有针对性的地球聚合物复合材料，以适应通过增强的建筑包络墙以及改造/涂料技术的任何建筑设计和改造应用。这些创新系统的最终性能评估将在实验室规模的原型下进行，以确保实现目标的热性能。此外，通过在计划的任务中进行环境和成本评估分析，将确保从物质合成到开发的复合材料的最终应用，从而确保可持续性和成本效益。拟议的研究的结果将是大大减少加拿大和世界各地的建筑部门的能源消耗，并找到用于大规模回收填埋CDW材料的实用生态解决方案。预计这样的节能将是脱氧建筑行业并减少全球二氧化碳排放量和相关气候变化影响的重大进步。