Novel Polymers Derived from Sustainable Building Block Monomers

源自可持续构建单元单体的新型聚合物

• 批准号: RGPIN-2020-05486
• 负责人: Sacripante, Guerino
• 金额: $ 2.77万
• 依托单位: Ryerson University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=748546
• 关键词: Novel; Polymers; Derived; Sustainable; Building

The central focus of my research program is to advance the fundamental chemistry and applications of sustainable biomass resources that are abundant, inexpensive, and non-food based into commercial polymers with properties and characteristics suitable to replace current petroleum-based resins. The Biomass resource, recovered as waste product from forestry and the Pulp and Paper Industry, in the form of Rosin acids or Lignin by-products will be used exclusively in this effort. The primary focus of this application will target commercial Bisphenol A polymer (BPA) replacement. Canada, along with the Europe, as well as several US states are targeting a complete ban of this chemical linked to various human health problems. The most prevalent applications of BPA are in the construction industry (sheeting), packaging, automotive parts, toys, compact discs, DVDs, safety equipment, LCD screens, coatings, consumer parts, inks, toners, and 3D Printing filament. Many of the properties associated with these products include high performance, hydrophobic, clarity, hydrolytic stability, oxygen permeability, and above all, low cost. Our proposed research program, outlines novel chemistry through alternative process, methodology, and HPQ training for future graduates, that can impact commercially viable sustainable alternatives to petro-based polymers. Our research program will be directed towards the synthesis, development, properties and processing of sustainable building block monomers and corresponding polymers. The overall aim of this project is to develop the chemistry and engineering required to transform waste biomass into a commodity polymer, specifically polyesters, polycarbonates, polyamides and polyurethanes. These polymers are typically produced from building blocks comprised primarily of di-functional monomers via polycondensation reactions. The proposed aforementioned Biomass sources comprised of Rosin acids, and lignin degradation by-products, are mostly mono-functional or lack any functionality, and the key to this research program is to convert these sustainable materials into difunctional monomers, followed by polymerization via cost-effective means. We will apply the principles of Green Chemistry and Engineering into all of our designs, for both monomer and polymerization process by bulk reactions as well as reactive extrusion to avoid the use of organic solvents. Reactive extrusion is a cost-effective and environmentally-friendly method to produce new materials with enhanced performance properties. At present, reactive extrusion allows in-situ polymerization, modification/functionalization of polymers or chemical bonding of two (or more) immiscible phases. Although reactive extrusion has been known for many years, its application for processing of bio-based polymer blends and composites is a relatively new direction of scientific research.

我的研究计划的中心重点是推进丰富、廉价且非食品的可持续生物质资源的基础化学和应用，将其转化为具有适合取代当前石油基树脂的性能和特性的商业聚合物。从林业和纸浆和造纸工业中回收的生物质资源，以松香酸或木质素副产品的形式专门用于这项工作。该应用的主要重点是商业双酚 A 聚合物 (BPA) 替代品。加拿大、欧洲以及美国几个州正在努力全面禁止这种与各种人类健康问题有关的化学物质。 BPA 最普遍的应用是建筑行业（板材）、包装、汽车零部件、玩具、光盘、DVD、安全设备、液晶屏、涂料、消费品、油墨、碳粉和 3D 打印耗材。与这些产品相关的许多特性包括高性能、疏水性、透明度、水解稳定性、透氧性，最重要的是低成本。我们提出的研究计划通过替代工艺、方法和 HPQ 培训概述了未来毕业生的新型化学，这可能会影响商业上可行的可持续石油聚合物替代品。我们的研究计划将针对可持续建筑单元单体和相应聚合物的合成、开发、性能和加工。该项目的总体目标是开发将废弃生物质转化为商品聚合物（特别是聚酯、聚碳酸酯、聚酰胺和聚氨酯）所需的化学和工程。这些聚合物通常由主要由双官能单体组成的结构单元通过缩聚反应生产。上述提议的由松香酸和木质素降解副产物组成的生物质来源大多是单功能或缺乏任何功能，该研究计划的关键是将这些可持续材料转化为双功能单体，然后通过成本聚合有效手段。我们将把绿色化学和工程的原理应用到我们所有的设计中，包括本体反应的单体和聚合过程以及反应挤出，以避免使用有机溶剂。反应挤出是一种经济高效且环保的方法，可生产具有增强性能的新材料。目前，反应挤出允许原位聚合、聚合物改性/官能化或两个（或多个）不混溶相的化学键合。尽管反应挤出已为人所知多年，但其在生物基聚合物共混物和复合材料加工中的应用是一个相对较新的科学研究方向。