Molecular Electrochemistry as Enabling Technology in Inorganic and Bioinorganic Chemistry

分子电化学作为无机和生物无机化学的使能技术

• 批准号: RGPIN-2020-05851
• 负责人: Boeré, René
• 金额: $ 1.75万
• 依托单位: University of Lethbridge
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=748440
• 关键词: Molecular; Electrochemistry; Enabling; Technology; Inorganic

As was dramatically shown by the award of the 2019 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for the development of lithium-ion batteries (Li-ion), basic research on the most prosaic topics can have world altering outcomes. There are many different Li-ion battery types, but all depend on a knowledge of the intercalation of ions into layered transition-metal oxides and sulfides, topics that were studied for decades before the application to reliable light-weight rechargeable batteries was conceived. A major theme of the proposed research involves the intimate details of the chemistry of sulfur-nitrogen rich molecules. There is certainly a link to another major technology for energy storage, namely the sodium-sulfur battery (regarding behaviour of the trisulfur radical anion S3- in such batteries). However, the more likely future application of this proposal is to miniaturized sensors and detectors for molecular electronics. Another major theme of this research proposal relates to the chemical synthesis of highly reactive organophosphorus compounds. These will be used to develop new chemical compounds with the rare metal ruthenium and testing their biological activity in cells, which have the potential to replace ageing platinum-based chemotherapies to which cancers have developed increased immunity. The original work on platinum compounds came entirely unexpectedly from the use of supposedly inert platinum electrodes to study the effects of electric fields on bacteria. An overarching theme of this proposal is the use of molecular electrochemistry as an enabling technology to guide chemical synthesis, provide mechanistic insights into the basic processes involved in, and induced by, electron-transfer (or `redox') reactions. The work proposed here often requires environments far-removed from daily life. Work is done in inert-atmosphere chambers of various kinds. Structures are measured at the molecular level using high-energy X-ray diffraction. Electrical work employs specialized circuitry that provides high degrees of control on the applied voltages and on the accurate measurement of small currents. Spectroscopy is further used to analyze matter by its interactions with varying frequencies of electromagnetic radiation. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy uses radio or microwave frequencies on samples held in homogeneous magnetic environments. All these techniques require sophisticated installations of multi-user instrumentation. Finally, in alignment with my training philosophy most of the requested funding goes to provide modest stipends for young HQP who are augmenting their BSc education by several years of full- time research experience, which ultimately has many returns to the Canadian economy. Further increases in fundamental research funding will improve the remuneration of these young people who are being trained to be productive members of the knowledge society.

正如2019年诺贝尔化学奖锂离子电池（Li-ion）颁发的奖项所表明的那样，关于最平淡的主题的基础研究可能会改变世界的结果。有许多不同的锂离子电池类型，但这完全取决于对离子与分层过渡金属氧化物和硫化物的插相的知识，这些主题已在应用于可靠的可靠轻巧可充电电池之前进行了数十年的研究。拟议的研究的一个主要主题涉及富含硫氮分子的化学的密切细节。肯定有一个用于储能的主要技术的链接，即钠硫电池（关于这种电池中Trisulfur激进阴离子S3-的行为）。但是，该提案的未来更可能的应用是分子电子产品的微型传感器和检测器。该研究提案的另一个主要主题涉及高反应性有机磷化合物的化学合成。这些将用于开发新的化合物与稀有的金属丁酸并测试其在细胞中的生物学活性，这些化合物有可能替代癌症已经增加免疫力增加的基于铂金的化学疗法。铂化合物上的原始作品完全出乎意料地出乎意料地来自使用所谓的惰性铂电极来研究电场对细菌的影响。该提案的一个总体主题是将分子电化学用作指导化学合成，提供机械洞察力，对涉及并由电子转移（或“氧化还原”）反应引起的基本过程的机械见解。 在这里提出的工作通常需要与日常生活相距甚远的环境。工作是在各种大气室中完成的。使用高能量X射线衍射在分子水平上测量结构。电气工作采用专门的电路，可对所施加的电压和准确测量小电流提供高度的控制。光谱法被进一步用于通过与电磁辐射的不同频率相互作用来分析物质。磁共振光谱使用在均匀磁环境中保存的样品上使用无线电或微波频率。所有这些技术都需要复杂的多用户仪器安装。最后，为了与我的培训理念保持一致，大多数要求的资金都用于为年轻的HQP提供适度的津贴，他们通过数年的全日制研究经验来扩大其BSC教育，这最终使加拿大经济带来了很多回报。基本研究资金的进一步增加将提高这些受过培训的年轻人的报酬，以成为知识社会的生产力。