Cellular regulation of pollen compatibility and fertility in the Brassicaceae

十字花科花粉相容性和育性的细胞调节

• 批准号: RGPIN-2018-04348
• 负责人: Goring, Daphne
• 金额: $ 9.47万
• 依托单位: University of Toronto
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=746522
• 关键词: Cellular; regulation; pollen; compatibility; fertility

In the Brassicaceae (mustard family), sexual plant reproduction is initiated when pollen grains (male) are deposited on top of the pistil (female). Compatible pollen grains are recognized by the pistil and provided resources so that the pollen grains can germinate and produce pollen tubes to deliver sperm cells for fertilization. These pollen-pistil interactions are tightly-regulated and critical as fertilization initiates seed production. The Goring research group examines the first stage of these interactions: when the pollen comes in contact with stigmatic papillar cells at the top of pistil. These papillae can differentiate between different pollen to accept, reject or ignore the pollen grains. Compatible pollen is accepted as it is recognized as being closely-related. In contrast, self'-pollen is rejected in many species as this self-recognition system is used to prevent inbreeding (self-incompatibility). Finally, pollen that is ignored is simply too distantly-related to be recognized. Thus, these initial interactions carefully regulate and conserve the sharing of resources from the female pistil to the male pollen for successful fertilization.For this grant proposal, the Goring research group will investigate the cell-cell communication events that regulate the initial pollen-stigmatic papillae interactions and examine how these processes are conserved in different Brassicaceae species. Specifically, three objectives are proposed for this research:(1) Identify and characterize the signaling proteins in the stigmatic papillae (pistil) that are responsible for recognizing and responding to compatible pollen (e.g. receptors). The mechanism by which stigmatic papillae recognize compatible pollen is currently unknown.(2) Investigate the mechanism of regulated secretion in the basal compatible pollen response pathway. This is the cellular system in the stigmatic papillae that is hypothesized to be responsible for allocating resources to the compatible pollen grains.(3) Define the role and mechanism of autophagy in self-incompatible pollen rejection. This is a cellular response in the stigmatic papillae that is hypothesized to play an important role in rejecting self'-pollen to prevent inbreeding. Through these three objectives, the proposed research is expected to lead to significant new discoveries on the mechanisms regulating early post-pollination processes in the Brassicaceae. Ultimately, successful compatible pollen acceptance has a positive impact on fertilization and seed production, and self-incompatible pollen rejection prevents inbreeding to produce healthier offspring. Hence, this research has important implications for developing new strategies to improve seed productivity in Brassicaceae oilseed crops such as canola.

在胸前（芥末家族）中，当花粉颗粒（雄性）沉积在雌蕊（雌性）的顶部时，开始性植物繁殖。伴侣识别兼容的花粉颗粒并提供了资源，以便花粉颗粒可以发芽并产生花粉管以输送精子细胞以施肥。这些花粉 - 杆子相互作用紧密地调节，并且随着施肥会引发种子的产生。 Goring研究小组研究了这些相互作用的第一阶段：当花粉与雌蕊顶部的污名化乳头细胞接触时。这些乳头可以区分不同的花粉以接受，拒绝或忽略花粉颗粒。兼容的花粉被认为是密切相关的。相比之下，由于这种自我认识系统用于防止近交（自我兼容），因此在许多物种中被拒绝。最后，被忽略的花粉太遥远而无法识别。因此，这些最初的相互作用仔细地调节并保存了从雌性雌蕊到雄性花粉的共享，以获得成功的施肥。对于这项赠款提案，戈林研究小组将研究调节初始花粉粘性乳头相互作用的细胞 - 细胞通信事件，并检查这些过程如何在不同的铜铜种中保存下来。具体而言，为这项研究提出了三个目标：（1）识别和表征柱头乳头（Pistil）中负责识别和反应兼容花粉（例如受体）的信号蛋白。目前尚不清楚柱头乳头识别兼容花粉的机制。（2）研究基底兼容花粉反应途径中调节分泌的机理。这是柱头乳头中的细胞系统，该细胞系统被认为是将资源分配给兼容花粉晶粒的原因。（3）定义自噬在自兼容的花粉排斥中的作用和机制。这是污名化乳头状的一种细胞反应，该反应在拒绝自我植物以防止近亲繁殖方面发挥了重要作用。通过这三个目标，预计拟议的研究将导致有关调节胸肌早期授粉过程的机制的重大新发现。最终，成功兼容的花粉接受对受精和种子的产生有积极影响，而自我兼容的花粉抑制会阻止近亲产生更健康的后代。因此，这项研究对开发新策略的新策略具有重要意义，以提高黄铜菜的油酸作物（例如菜籽）。