Community reassembly in changing seascapes: patterns, processes, and consequences

不断变化的海景中的社区重组：模式、过程和后果

• 批准号: RGPIN-2018-05712
• 负责人: Green, Stephanie
• 金额: $ 2.77万
• 依托单位: University of Alberta
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=744747
• 关键词: Community; reassembly; changing; seascapes; patterns

Rationale and objectives: Species ranges and abundances are changing at unpredicted rates due to stresses like climate change, biological invasion, and habitat destruction. What will future ecosystems look like and how will they function in the face of these major disturbances? My proposed research stands to significantly advance our ability to predict species composition and ecosystem function under future conditions by uncovering: 1) how differences in species' response to stress mediate changes in biodiversity and productivity, 2) factors driving differences in exposure and response to stress between and within species, and 3) the potential effect of new biotic interactions caused by stress on future ecosystem state and function. Approach: My research program focuses on fishes and their interactions within tropical Atlantic coral reef and temperate Pacific kelp forests ecosystems which are affected by multiple anthropogenic stresses including habitat loss, over-exploitation, biological invasion, and intensifying climate change. Through a combination of field study, laboratory experiments, and quantitative modeling, I will answer three key questions:1. How does stress affect patterns of community diversity and biomass? I will conduct a large-scale field experiment of fish metacommunities in coastal coral reef and mangrove habitats in South Florida exposed to two man-made stressors (habitat destruction and fishing). This work will shed light on features of marine systems and their inhabitants that mediate changes in biodiversity and productivity over space and time. 2. What mechanisms govern variation in stress exposure and response between species? I will investigate how exposure and response to thermal stress and predation risk varies among fishes of different maximum body size and habitat use, and how exposure history affects size-based predator-prey interactions through laboratory studies and modeling that complement our large-scale field study in South Florida.3. How will novel interactions affect future ecosystem structure and function? I will examine the effects of behaviour and morphology, independent from species identity, on the strength of interactions between novel pairs of predators and prey that are likely to encounter one another due to climate change in temperate Pacific ecosystems. Focusing on general characteristics that affect the outcome of successive steps during predation events allows me to make predictions about the strength of species interactions that don't co-occur now, but are likely to in future. Impact: This research will produce novel, general methods for predicting the effects of continued human-mediated stress on marine ecosystems, and the likely results of interventions designed to halt or reverse them.

基本原理和目标：由于气候变化，生物学入侵和栖息地破坏等压力，物种范围和丰度正在以不可预测的速度变化。未来的生态系统会是什么样，面对这些重大干扰，它们将如何发挥作用？我提出的研究将通过发现在未来条件下在未来条件下预测物种组成和生态系统功能的能力，通过发现：1）物种对压力的反应的差异如何介导生物多样性和生产力的变化，2）因素促进了暴露差异和物种内部和物种内部压力的差异的因素，以及3）对未来生态生物系统状态的潜在效果对未来的生物互动的潜在影响。方法：我的研究计划着重于热带大西洋珊瑚礁和温带海带森林生态系统中的鱼类及其相互作用，这些生态系统受到多种人为应力的影响，包括栖息地丧失，过度探索，生物学入侵和增强气候变化。通过现场研究，实验室实验和定量建模的结合，我将回答三个关键问题：1。压力如何影响社区多样性和生物量的模式？我将在南佛罗里达州的沿海珊瑚礁和红树林栖息地进行大规模的野外实验，暴露于两种人为压力（栖息地破坏和捕鱼）。这项工作将阐明海洋系统及其居民的特征，这些特征介导了时间和时间上生物多样性和生产力的变化。 2。哪些机制控制着压力暴露和物种之间反应的变化？我将调查对热应力和捕食风险的暴露和反应如何在不同的最大人体大小和栖息地使用的鱼类之间变化，以及暴露历史如何通过实验室研究和对我们在南佛罗里达州进行大规模实地研究的建模来影响基于大小的捕食者 - 捕食者相互作用。3。新颖的相互作用将如何影响未来的生态系统结构和功能？我将研究行为和形态的影响，独立于物种身份，对新型捕食者和猎物之间相互作用的强度，这些捕食者和猎物之间可能由于温带太平洋生态系统的气候变化而彼此相遇。着重于影响捕食事件中连续步骤结果的一般特征，使我能够对现在不同时发生但可能将来的物种相互作用的强度进行预测。影响：这项研究将产生新颖的一般方法，以预测持续的人介导的压力对海洋生态系统的影响，以及旨在停止或逆转它们的干预措施的可能结果。