Thermal tolerance and the response of freshwater communities to multiple stressors

热耐受性和淡水群落对多种压力源的反应

• 批准号: RGPIN-2021-03699
• 负责人: Fugère, Vincent
• 金额: $ 2.4万
• 依托单位: Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2021-01-01 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=742680
• 关键词: Thermal; tolerance; response; freshwater; communities

Canadians are the stewards of more inland water bodies than any other country in the world, a unique resource we have committed to preserve via the Canada water act. Yet, freshwater ecosystems face a number of threats that include pollution linked to watershed land use, and warming waters due to directional climate change and more frequent heat waves. Predicting impacts of these threats on freshwater biodiversity requires an assessment of their interactive effects, namely their impact when acting individually and when acting in combination. My research program will disentangle the interactive effects of climate warming and agricultural pollution on freshwater animals (plankton and fish) in Canada. My previous research has shown that agricultural pollution causes widespread ecological and evolutionary effects in freshwater ecosystems, with communities gaining and losing species and with populations evolving (changing their traits) in response to watershed land use. I will now ask whether these changes make communities more or less tolerant of a warming climate. My research program is centered around three objectives. First, using a 'big data' approach, my team will estimate the thermal tolerance of hundreds of species of lake plankton and fish. We will then use two large standardized surveys of zooplankton (664 lakes across Canada) and fish (768 lakes in Québec) from lakes that differ in watershed land use (from pristine to highly agricultural) and quantify the 'mean thermal tolerance' of animals in these lakes. Second, we will rely on a state-of-the-art experimental facility to expose plankton communities to agricultural pollution in 98 experimental ponds. We will conduct a unique large-scale experiment, exposing plankton to two gradients of agricultural pollution based on field data. We will track ecological and evolutionary responses, and then expose communities to an experimental but realistic heat wave event to test whether pollution influenced thermal tolerance. Finally, we will sample zooplankton and fish from lakes that differ in watershed land use and measure their thermal tolerance with established physiological assays. This will allow us to determine whether populations (of the same species) found in pristine vs. polluted sites differ in their thermal tolerance. As a whole, this program will assess whether agricultural land use and climate change are likely to have additive or interactive (antagonistic or synergistic) effects on lake animals. This information will allow us to better predict and manage biodiversity change in Canadian lakes facing a warming climate and intensifying agriculture in their watersheds.

加拿大人比世界上任何其他国家都拥有更多的内陆水体，这是我们通过《加拿大水法》承诺保护的独特资源。然而，淡水生态系统面临着许多威胁，包括与流域土地使用相关的污染和污染。定向气候变化和更频繁的热浪导致海水变暖，预测这些威胁对淡水生物多样性的影响需要评估它们的相互作用，即它们单独作用和联合作用时的影响。气候变暖和农业污染我之前对加拿大淡水动物（浮游生物和鱼类）的研究表明，农业污染对淡水生态系统造成广泛的生态和进化影响，导致社区获得和失去物种以及种群因流域土地利用而进化（改变其性状）。我现在要问的是，这些变化是否会使社区对气候变暖的耐受性增强或减弱。我的研究项目主要围绕三个目标，首先，我的团队将使用“大数据”方法来估计数百种湖泊的耐热性。然后我们将浮游生物和鱼类。使用对流域土地利用不同（从原始到高度农业化）的湖泊进行的两项大型标准化调查，对浮游动物（加拿大各地的 664 个湖泊）和鱼类（魁北克省的 768 个湖泊）进行调查，并量化这些湖泊中动物的“平均耐热性”。其次，我们将依靠最先进的实验设施，在 98 个实验池塘中将浮游生物群落暴露于农业污染中。我们将进行一项独特的大规模实验，将浮游生物暴露于两个梯度下。我们将根据实地数据跟踪生态和进化反应，然后将社区暴露在实验性但现实的热浪事件中，以测试污染是否影响热耐受性。最后，我们将从不同流域的湖泊中取样浮游动物和鱼类。土地利用并通过已建立的生理测定来测量它们的热耐受性，这将使我们能够确定在原始和污染地点发现的种群（同一物种）的热耐受性是否存在差异。总体而言，该计划将评估农业用地是否存在差异。使用和气候变化可能会产生添加剂这些信息将使我们能够更好地预测和管理面临气候变暖和流域农业集约化的加拿大湖泊的生物多样性变化。