Land-ocean-climate interactions in high northern latitudes

北部高纬度地区陆地-海洋-气候的相互作用

• 批准号: RGPIN-2019-06542
• 负责人: deVernal, Anne
• 金额: $ 4.44万
• 依托单位: Université du Québec à Montréal
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2021-01-01 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=738963
• 关键词: Land; ocean; climate; interactions; northern

The research program deals with late Cenozoic to recent climate changes at high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere, as recorded in geological archives. It addresses three complementary questions about land-ocean-climate interactions. One concerns the large-scale exchanges between the subarctic Pacific, Arctic and North Atlantic oceans that exert an important role on the freshwater budget, thus salinity, water mass stratification, sea ice, and heat redistribution through ocean circulation. The second focuses on epicontinental environments, at the transition between land and ocean, where terrestrial freshwater discharge impacts hydrographic conditions. The third deals with seasonality, which is a critical component of climate that also depends upon salinity and stratification of water masses in marine environments. The long-term objective is the understanding and assessment of the role of freshwater in the climate system at high latitudes, from hemispheric to regional scales, while short-term objectives are defined with more specific temporal and spatial foci. At hemispheric scale, they include (1) the reconstruction of marine environments in the western Arctic (Chukchi, Bering seas) where freshwater and nutrient inputs from the North Pacific are determinant on sea ice and productivity, (2) the elucidation of the relationships between the modes of Arctic sea ice variability vs the exchanges with the subarctic Atlantic and Pacific seas, and (3) the evaluation of the relative impacts of Arctic Ocean outflows through Fram Strait vs the Canadian Arctic Archipelago, on the northern North Atlantic oceanography. At the regional scale of epicontinental settings, they include (4) the documenting of interactions between ocean and continental ice stability or melting along the Greenland margins, and (5) the reconstruction of climate and hydrography variabilities along the northern and eastern margins of Canada, in particular the coasts of Yukon, Hudson Bay, Labrador shelf and the Gulf of St. Lawrence. The research program mostly relies on access to marine sediment cores collected within the framework of international collaborations. It is built from methodologies developed over the last decades, but still in progress. They combine micropaleontological, geochemical and isotopic proxies to simultaneously reconstruct complementary parameters of climate, sea surface and deep marine conditions. The projects conducted as part of the research program involve participation of graduate students and are coordinated within the framework of international initiatives combining proxy paleoclimate and paleoecological data acquisition/compilation with climate modelling efforts. Beyond the development of fundamental knowledge about land-ocean-climate interactions at millennial to on-going "global changes" scales, the outcomes of the research program also include the development of tools for environmental issue assessments.

该研究计划涉及北半球高纬度地区最近气候变化的近期气候变化，如地质档案中所记录的那样。它解决了有关土地海洋气候互动的三个补充问题。一个人涉及亚北极，北极和北大西洋之间的大规模交流，这些交流在淡水预算上发挥了重要作用，从而通过海洋循环进行盐度，水量分层，海冰和热量重新分布。第二个重点是在陆地和海洋之间的过渡中，陆地淡水排放会影响水文条件。第三个涉及季节性，这是气候的关键组成部分，它也取决于海洋环境中水质量的盐分和分层。 长期目标是了解和评估淡水在高纬度的气候系统中的作用，从半球到区域尺度，而短期目标则以更具体的时间和空间焦点来定义。在半球尺度上，其中包括（1）在北极西部（Chukchi，Bering Seas）中重建北太平洋的淡水和养分投入是海冰和生产力上的决定因素，（2）与北极冰的差异之间的关系及其在北极的模式之间的关系，并在北极的模式之间进行了交流，并在北极地区和北极地区的境界及其及其及时的境界及其及时的境界及其及其及其及其属于境界的境界。北大大西洋北部海洋学的加拿大北极群岛与加拿大北极群岛的相对影响，通过弗拉姆海峡流出。在上世纪环境的区域范围内，其中包括（4）记录海洋与大陆冰稳定性之间的相互作用或沿格陵兰边缘融化，以及（5）重建加拿大北部和东部边缘沿北部和东部边缘的气候和水文变化的重建，尤其是Yukon Bay，Hudson Bay，Hudson Bay，Labrador sherf and Labrador Sherel和St. gulr gulr gulr gulrforcrend and labrador sharf and labrador s. gulr forf forforcrance。 该研究计划主要依赖于在国际合作框架内收集的海洋沉积物核心。它是由过去几十年中开发的方法制成的，但仍在进行中。它们结合了微生产，地球化学和同位素代理，以同时重建气候，海面和深海洋条件的互补参数。 作为研究计划的一部分进行的项目涉及研究生的参与，并在将代理古气候和古生态数据获取/汇编与气候建模工作结合的国际计划的框架内进行了协调。除了发展千禧一代在千禧一代到正在进行的“全球变化”量表的基本知识之外，研究计划的结果还包括开发环境问题评估工具。