Diversity and resilience of plant communities in isolated ecosystems

孤立生态系统中植物群落的多样性和恢复力

• 批准号: RGPIN-2019-04179
• 负责人: Pellerin, Stéphanie
• 金额: $ 2.91万
• 依托单位: Université de Montréal
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2021-01-01 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=737466
• 关键词: Diversity; resilience; plant; communities; isolated

In many parts of the world, the destruction and fragmentation of ecosystems have reached such a high proportion that remaining plant communities are constrained within a matrix of humanized habitats. The composition, structure and landscape dynamics of this matrix exert a strong influence on the diversity and dynamics of remaining ecosystems. The long-term objective of my research program is to increase our understanding of the processes that influence the resilience of plant communities constrained within a matrix of humanized habitats. Ultimately, this research will inform strategies for mitigating the direct and indirect impacts of environmental changes on ecosystems. My short-term goals are to 1) evaluate the effect of tree encroachment on wetland composition, diversity and resilience and 2) investigate the relationship between urbanization and biotic homogenization. The projects carried out to achieve these first two objectives will also make it possible to 3) identify which processes and components are responsible for community assembly and beta diversity changes. Bogs isolated in agricultural landscapes as well as urban forests and vacant herbaceous lots will serve as study models. To identify changes in diversity and composition, my team will primarily use a resampling approach (revisiting plots sampled 30-40 years ago) and a space-for-time substitution methodology. Such a historical approach enables robust links between the drivers of change and environmental response to be made, as plants often have a time-lagged response to landscape modifications. My program offers a unique opportunity to improve our knowledge of the ecological processes and mechanisms that govern ecosystem dynamics and composition. This knowledge is essential to eventually be able to foster ecosystem resilience in face of growing human-induced pressures and to improve programs for the conservation and sustainable management of ecosystems, especially those specific to wetlands and urban ecosystems. Thanks to my program, many HQP will have the opportunity to develop highly valuable skills in statistics, plant biology and conservation. MSc students will all acquire the skills and knowledge necessary to pursue doctoral studies in community ecology if they wish or equip them for advanced biology-related employment. PhD students will come to possess advanced knowledge on the processes responsible for community assembly and will be well positioned for a research career.

在世界许多地方，生态系统的破坏和破碎化已经达到如此高的比例，以至于剩余的植物群落被限制在人化栖息地的矩阵内，这个矩阵的组成、结构和景观动态对多样性和景观产生了强烈的影响。我的研究计划的长期目标是增加我们对影响受人性化栖息地矩阵限制的植物群落恢复力的过程的了解，最终，这项研究将为减轻直接和间接影响的策略提供信息。环境影响我的短期目标是 1) 评估树木侵占对湿地组成、多样性和恢复力的影响，2) 调查城市化和生物同质化之间的关系。 3）确定哪些过程和组成部分负责群落组装和β多样性变化，农业景观以及城市森林和空置草本地中的沼泽将作为研究模型。和组成，我的团队将主要使用重采样方法（重新访问 30-40 年前采样的地块）和空间换时间替代方法，这种历史方法可以在变化驱动因素和环境响应之间建立牢固的联系，因为植物对景观变化的反应通常是滞后的，我的项目提供了一个独特的机会来提高我们对生态系统动态过程和控制生态系统及其组成的机制的了解，这些知识对于最终能够增强生态系统的复原力至关重要。人类诱发的增长得益于我的项目，许多 HQP 学生将有机会培养统计、植物生物学和保护方面的宝贵技能。如果他们愿意的话，所有人都会获得进行社区生态学博士研究所需的技能和知识，或者为他们提供与高级生物学相关的就业机会，博士生将掌握负责社区组装过程的高级知识，并为研究做好准备。职业。