Towards improving the performance of the negative Zn electrode in Zn-Ion batteries

提高锌离子电池负极锌电极的性能

• 批准号: 570794-2021
• 负责人: Kish, Joseph
• 金额: $ 7.94万
• 依托单位: McMaster University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Alliance Grants
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2021-01-01 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=723263
• 关键词: Towards; improving; performance; negative; Zn

Rechargeable Zn-ion batteries are targeted for non-portable applications, such as grid-scale energy storage, and provide several advantages over the Li-ion batteries currently used for these applications, including safety due to the aqueous electrolytes employed, while relying on Zn that is inexpensive, non-toxic and mined/produced within Canada. Salient Energy's Zn-ion batteries consist of: (i) negative Zn electrode where direct plating and stripping of Zn occurs; (ii) near-neutral aqueous Zn sulphate electrolyte, complete with a separator; and (iii) positive electrolytic MnO2 electrode capable of reversibly intercalating divalent Zn cations. Having successfully addressed problematic preferential (dendritic) Zn growth during plating/stripping at the negative electrode, which serves to short-circuit the battery, Salient Energy now faces a new challenge with the negative Zn electrode: parasitic corrosion reactions (self-corrosion) that limit cycle life and produce hydrogen gas. The overarching research objective is to determine the cause of the parasitic self-corrosion that occurs during cycling of the battery at the negative Zn electrode. This will be achieved through the three research sub-objectives: (i) characterize the corrosion damage accumulation on negative electrodes removed from scaled-up batteries, (ii) determine the corrosion mechanism of Zn metal in near-neutral aqueous Zn sulphate electrolytes, and (iii) determine the galvanic corrosion susceptibility of the Zn-brass couple that is intrinsic to the laminated negative electrode assembly. The project will create new knowledge that is required for novel science-based corrosion control strategies to be identified and evaluated. The project will train one PDF for the two year Missions Grant project.

可充电锌离子电池面向非便携式应用，例如电网规模的储能，与目前用于这些应用的锂离子电池相比，具有多种优势，包括由于采用水性电解质而具有安全性，同时依赖于锌其价格低廉、无毒且在加拿大境内开采/生产。 Salient Energy 的锌离子电池由以下部分组成：(i) 负极锌电极，直接电镀和剥离锌； (ii) 近中性的硫酸锌水溶液电解质，配有隔膜； (iii)能够可逆地嵌入二价Zn阳离子的正电解MnO2电极。成功解决了负极电镀/剥离期间锌优先生长（树枝状）的问题（这会导致电池短路），Salient Energy 现在面临着负极锌电极的新挑战：寄生腐蚀反应（自腐蚀），限制循环寿命并产生氢气。总体研究目标是确定电池循环过程中锌负极发生寄生自腐蚀的原因。这将通过三个研究子目标来实现：（i）表征从放大电池中取出的负极上的腐蚀损伤累积，（ii）确定近中性硫酸锌水溶液电解质中锌金属的腐蚀机制，以及(iii)确定层压负电极组件固有的锌-黄铜对的电偶腐蚀敏感性。该项目将创造识别和评估新颖的基于科学的腐蚀控制策略所需的新知识。该项目将为为期两年的 Missions Grant 项目培训一份 PDF。