Corrosion Control and Materials Performance in Nuclear Power Systems

核电系统中的腐蚀控制和材料性能

• 批准号: 544898-2019
• 负责人: Persaud, Suraj
• 金额: $ 21.47万
• 依托单位: Queen's University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Alliance Grants
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2021-01-01 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=720957
• 关键词: Corrosion; Control; Materials; Performance; Nuclear

With growing climate change concerns in Canada, nuclear energy provides the benefits of an efficient, carbon-free energy source. The Government of Canada and the nuclear industry have recognized this, and are actively pursuing refurbishment of nuclear power plants (NPP) and new builds, such as small modular reactors; the latter provide additional benefits as energy sources for northern communities. For these initiatives to be realized, environmental, safety, and economic concerns of NPPs must be addressed; these concerns are linked with materials performance and corrosion control, which impacts the lifetime of components in NPPs. Although strides have been made, much of the underlying science governing materials degradation in NPPs remains unclear.The objective of this UNENE Research Chair program is to advance the understanding of metallic corrosion in nuclear-relevant environments. Two linked Chair programs are proposed, at a Senior and Associate level, to ensure succession of capability at a Canadian university. A focus will be the application of innovative microscopy methods to understand corrosion at the nanoscale. The combined action of stress and corrosion (stress corrosion cracking (SCC)) will be important, and complementary electrochemical work will be performed. A goal is to identify corrosion and SCC "precursors", which are nanoscale changes in chemical or material properties that occur prior to the onset of degradation. A second focus of this IRC will be to better understand irradiation effects on corrosion, which is important long-term for NPPs as radiation dose increases with life extension. Research will draw heavily on the novel facilities (i.e. proton accelerator) and microscopes available at the Reactor Materials Testing Laboratory (RMTL) at Queen's, and the Ontario Centre for Characterization of Advanced Materials (OCCAM) at Toronto. The program will provide HQP with an inclusive environment and many opportunities to interact with industry and develop multi-disciplinary skills.

随着加拿大对气候变化的日益关注，核能提供了高效、无碳能源的好处。加拿大政府和核工业界已经认识到这一点，并正在积极寻求核电站（NPP）的翻新和新建，例如小型模块化反应堆；后者作为北方社区的能源提供了额外的好处。为了实现这些举措，必须解决核电厂的环境、安全和经济问题；这些问题与材料性能和腐蚀控制有关，这会影响核电厂部件的使用寿命。尽管已经取得了长足的进步，但控制核电厂材料降解的许多基础科学仍不清楚。UNENE 研究主席计划的目标是增进对核相关环境中金属腐蚀的理解。提议在高级和助理级别设立两个相互关联的主席项目，以确保加拿大大学的能力继承。 重点是应用创新的显微镜方法来了解纳米尺度的腐蚀。应力和腐蚀（应力腐蚀开裂（SCC））的联合作用将很重要，并且将进行互补的电化学工作。目标是识别腐蚀和应力腐蚀开裂“前体”，它们是在降解开始之前发生的化学或材料特性的纳米级变化。 IRC 的第二个重点是更好地了解辐照对腐蚀的影响，这对于核电站的长期影响非常重要，因为辐射剂量随着寿命的延长而增加。研究将大量利用皇后大学反应堆材料测试实验室（RMTL）和多伦多安大略先进材料表征中心（OCCAM）的新型设施（即质子加速器）和显微镜。该计划将为总部提供包容性的环境以及许多与行业互动和发展多学科技能的机会。