Predicting the effects of climate change on the microbial and chemical control of agricultural pests such as obliquebanded leafroller in apple

预测气候变化对苹果斜带卷叶蛾等农业害虫微生物和化学防治的影响

• 批准号: 555587-2020
• 负责人: Adamo, Shelley
• 金额: $ 7.06万
• 依托单位: Dalhousie University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Alliance Grants
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2021-01-01 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=721382
• 关键词: Predicting; effects; climate; change; microbial

Controlling agricultural pests is critical for the success and sustainability of Canada's agricultural sector. However, climate change threatens this goal. Climate change is predicted to alter the ability of pesticides to kill agricultural pests. For example, heat waves, whose frequency in Canada is increasing (Climate Atlas of Canada, https://climateatlas.ca), can affect the sensitivity of insect pests to chemical (e.g. Janssens et al., 2017) and microbial (e.g. Seehausen et al., 2017) control agents. We propose to demonstrate how heat waves will impact the effectiveness of chemical and microbial control agents of the Obliqebanded Leafroller (OBLR) (Choristoneura rosaceana), a pest of apple trees. To be able to predict the effect of heat waves on OBLR, and other pests, we need to understand how heat waves alter insect physiology. We will use molecular, biochemical, and physiological methods to quantify this effect. We will also test the effect of pesticides on OBLR directly and correlate these data with the physiological data. We will use this information to develop a predictive model for apple growers. It will allow farmers to adjust their pesticide use during and after a heat wave to provide maximum control with the minimum required pesticide. We will provide this information in an easy-to-use format for apple growers (e.g. iPhone app). Although the focus of this proposal will be on OBLR, this study will provide a framework for the development of similar models for other agricultural pests during extreme weather events (i.e. heat waves). We have assembled a team that has the necessary scientific and mathematical expertise. We have partnered with scientists from AAFC who will rigorously field test solutions that are developed in the lab to determine their applicability to real world situations. The AAFC members of the team also have connections to food producers and can translate lab and field research into useful solutions (i.e. changes in pest management practice).

控制农业害虫对于加拿大农业部门的成功和可持续性至关重要。但是，气候变化威胁到这一目标。 预计气候变化会改变农药杀死农业害虫的能力。例如，加拿大的频率正在增加（加拿大气候地图集，https://climateatlas.ca），可能会影响昆虫对化学虫的敏感性（例如Janssens等，2017）和微生物（例如Seehausen等，2017）对照组件。我们建议说明热浪将如何影响Obsiqeband的Leafroller（Oblr）（Choristoneura losaceana）的化学和微生物控制剂的有效性，苹果树的害虫。 为了能够预测热浪对OBLR和其他害虫的影响，我们需要了解热浪如何改变昆虫的生理。 我们将使用分子，生化和生理方法来量化这种作用。 我们还将直接测试农药对OBLR的影响，并将这些数据与生理数据相关联。 我们将使用此信息为苹果种植者开发预测模型。它将允许农民在热浪期间和之后调整其农药的使用，以最大程度地控制所需的农药。 我们将以易于使用的格式为苹果种植者（例如iPhone应用程序）提供此信息。 尽管该提案的重点将放在OBLR上，但本研究将为在极端天气事件（即热浪）期间开发其他农业害虫类似模型的框架。 我们组建了一个具有必要的科学和数学专业知识的团队。 我们已经与AAFC的科学家合作，他们将严格地在实验室开发的现场测试解决方案，以确定其对现实世界情况的适用性。 该团队的AAFC成员还与食品生产者建立了联系，可以将实验室和现场研究转化为有用的解决方案（即有害生物管理实践的变化）。