Unravelling the cellular mechanisms underpinning within- and trans-generational physiological and life history responses of marine invertebrates exposed to multiple global change drivers using a multi-layer approach

使用多层方法揭示暴露于多种全球变化驱动因素的海洋无脊椎动物的代内和跨代生理和生活史反应的细胞机制

• 批准号: RGPIN-2020-05627
• 负责人: Calosi, Piero
• 金额: $ 4.74万
• 依托单位: Université du Québec à Rimouski
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2020-01-01 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=717716
• 关键词: Unravelling; cellular; mechanisms; underpinning; within

The conclusion that our climate is drastically changing is considered indisputable by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. However, generalisations on the impact of multiple rapid environmental changes on living organisms are still rather difficult. Ocean warming (OW), deoxygenation (hypoxia) and acidification (OA) represent major threats to marine organisms, causing energetic and homeostatic challenges that can lead to increased mortality and reduced fecundity. In addition, as species from different climatic regions possess different levels of tolerance and plasticity to OW, populations' and species' responses to multiple global changes along environmental gradients are expected to vary too. However, how they will vary represents an important knowledge gap. Within this context, to support decision makers responsible for the conservation of biodiversity and the adaptive-management of natural resources, it is imperative we acquire a firm understanding of the: (i) cellular and whole organisms physiological responses through which different species will be able to cope with multiple environmental changes, (ii) the ability of populations and species living along environmental gradients to buffer potential negative effects of global changes through transgenerational phenotypic plasticity (TGP), and (iii) populations' and species' ability for rapid adaptation to future ocean conditions. Unfortunately, the majority of studies to date on global change biology of marine metazoans have focused on single life stages of single populations of single species' short-term responses, often to single stressors. With this said, in the past six years, I have developed an innovative research programme investigating marine metazoans TGP and rapid adaptation to global change drivers. I also demonstrated the importance of considering local and regional adaptation in defining populations' physiological sensitivity to ongoing single global change drivers and shed light on physiological pathways of impact. I am now in the unique position to propose a transformative, integrative and multidisciplinary research programme aiming at creating a synthesis among the research fields of Global Change Biology, Macrophysiology and Ecophysiology. I propose to employ for the first time in marine animals a multi-omics/multi-layer approach to unravel the functioning, plasticity and ability for rapid adaptation of the complex network of metabolic pathways underpinning organisms' fitness responses. Using this framework on multiple populations living along environmental gradients in calanoidea copepods, which are essential keystone species to marine food webs linking primary producers to fish and top predators, I will test the hypothesis that >.

政府间的气候变化小组认为，我们的气候正在发生巨大变化的结论是无可争议的。但是，对生物生物的多种快速环境变化的影响的概括仍然相当困难。海洋变暖（OW），脱氧（缺氧）和酸化（OA）代表着对海洋生物的主要威胁，从而导致精力充沛和稳态挑战，从而导致死亡率增加和繁殖力降低。此外，随着来自不同气候区域的物种具有不同水平的耐受性和对OW的可塑性，人们对沿环境梯度的多种全球变化的反应也有所不同。但是，它们将如何变化代表一个重要的知识差距。在这种情况下，为了支持负责保护生物多样性的决策者和自然资源的适应性管理，我们必须认识到：（i）细胞和整个生物体的生理反应，不同物种将能够应对多个环境变化，以及跨环境梯度的多种环境变化的能力，跨环境渐变的全局变化，而塑料的全局变化，这是全局变化的变化。 （iii）人口和物种的能力快速适应未来的海洋状况。不幸的是，迄今为止，关于海洋后代的全球变化生物学的大多数研究都集中在单个物种的短期反应的单人群的单人群阶段，通常是对单个压力源的。话虽如此，在过去的六年中，我制定了一项创新的研究计划，研究了海洋后生动物TGP并快速适应全球变化驱动因素。我还展示了考虑局部和区域适应在定义人口对持续的单一全球变化驱动因素的生理敏感性方面的重要性，并阐明了影响的生理途径。我现在处于独特的地位，可以提出一项旨在在全球变化生物学，巨摩托学和生态生理学研究领域创建综合的变革性，综合性和多学科研究计划。我建议第一次在海洋动物中使用多摩s/多层方法，以揭示基于生物体适应性反应的代谢途径复杂网络快速适应的功能，可塑性和能力。在calanoidea copepods中生活的多个人群中使用此框架，这是将主要生产者与鱼类和顶级捕食者联系起来的海洋食品网的必不可少的基石物种，我将检验>>的假设。