Stereopsis in natural environments

自然环境中的立体视觉

• 批准号: RGPIN-2019-06694
• 负责人: Wilcox, Laurie
• 金额: $ 5.68万
• 依托单位: York University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2020-01-01 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=716256
• 关键词: Stereopsis; natural; environments

One of the most fundamental roles of the human visual system is to provide information about the depth and distance of objects in our environment so that we can interact with our world safely and effectively. Depth judgments are essential for tasks ranging from simple day-to-day objectives like reaching for your coffee, to the exquisite precision needed to perform microsurgery. Within personal interaction space, the binocular depth cue stereopsis is our most precise and accurate source of relative depth information. However, there is considerable debate concerning the accuracy of 3D depth percepts from stereopsis alone, and in combination with other depth cues. I propose that a primary cause of this controversy is the presence of conflicting depth cues in most experiments caused by the use of 3D displays and simplified rendered stimuli. The aim of this series of experiments is to resolve this debate by quantifying the interaction between stereopsis and monocular cues in the perception of depth using real physical objects. To do so, I will use a one-of-a-kind computer-controlled apparatus to present physical objects at precise locations with controlled lighting and motion. Stimuli will be designed using advanced modelling software and 3D printed to exact specifications; we will systematically manipulate the presence and consistency of depth cues such as binocular disparity, texture gradients, focal blur and motion parallax. All experiments will use psychophysical methods (e.g. the method of constant stimuli) and probabilistic models will be used to compare the combination of depth cues with theoretical predictions. This research program will have significant impact in: 1) bridging the gap between studies using computer generated stimuli, and how we use depth information in the natural world 2) addressing the long-standing debate concerning the metric nature of individual depth cues and 3) clarifying the role of stereopsis in depth perception under natural conditions. The experiments proposed here are the core of a larger research program that ultimately will define the impact and importance of stereoscopic depth perception in our ability to effectively interact with the world. The results provide an important benchmark for studies of visual cue combination in natural environments. The implications of the work are far-reaching, for stereopsis is the cornerstone of 3D visualization in a wide range of fields from entertainment to microsurgery and flight simulation.

人类视觉系统最基本的作用之一是提供有关环境中物体的深度和距离的信息，以便我们能够安全有效地与世界互动。深度判断对于各种任务至关重要，从简单的日常目标（例如伸手喝咖啡）到执行显微外科手术所需的精确度。在个人交互空间中，双目深度提示立体视觉是我们最精确和准确的相对深度信息来源。然而，对于仅通过立体视觉以及与其他深度线索相结合的 3D 深度感知的准确性存在相当多的争论。我认为，这场争议的主要原因是大多数实验中由于使用 3D 显示器和简化的渲染刺激而导致存在深度线索冲突。 这一系列实验的目的是通过量化立体视觉和单眼线索在使用真实物理对象的深度感知中的相互作用来解决这一争论。 为此，我将使用一种独一无二的计算机控制设备，通过受控的照明和运动在精确的位置呈现物理对象。 Stimuli 将使用先进的建模软件进行设计，并按照精确的规格进行 3D 打印；我们将系统地操纵深度线索的存在和一致性，例如双眼视差、纹理梯度、焦点模糊和运动视差。 所有实验都将使用心理物理学方法（例如恒定刺激方法），并使用概率模型来比较深度线索的组合与理论预测。该研究计划将在以下方面产生重大影响： 1）弥合使用计算机生成刺激的研究与我们如何在自然世界中使用深度信息之间的差距 2）解决关于个体深度线索的度量性质的长期争论 3）阐明自然条件下立体视觉在深度感知中的作用。 这里提出的实验是一个更大的研究计划的核心，该计划最终将定义立体深度感知对我们与世界有效互动的能力的影响和重要性。该结果为自然环境中视觉线索组合的研究提供了重要的基准。这项工作的影响是深远的，因为立体视觉是从娱乐到显微外科和飞行模拟等广泛领域中 3D 可视化的基石。