Ecological Engineering Systems for Nutrient Reduction and Recovery from Agricultural Wastewater Sources

农业废水源养分减少和回收的生态工程系统

• 批准号: RGPIN-2018-05753
• 负责人: Kinsley, Christopher
• 金额: $ 2.19万
• 依托单位: University of Ottawa
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2020-01-01 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=713310
• 关键词: Ecological; Engineering; Systems; Nutrient; Reduction

Nutrient migration from agricultural catchments to surface water bodies and to groundwater aquifers present a significant threat to public health and to the environment as well as representing high economic costs in terms of drinking water treatment and loss of recreational potential. A report published by the International Joint Commission (IJC, 2014) states that agricultural runoff can contribute significant nutrient loads to watercourses and stipulates that agricultural operations are one of the major contributors of phosphorus loads responsible for the recent severity of algal blooms in Lake Erie. The report describes agricultural systems having evolved from being net phosphorus sinks to where there is now net phosphorus being exported from most farms. Heightened levels of phosphorus have been recorded in lakes and rivers across Canada and have resulted in the development of cyanobacterial blooms, which result in toxins being released into surface water bodies. This research program addresses N and P reduction and recovery from agricultural wastewaters and consists of four inter-related objectives. The first objective is to develop a technology to capture and recover dissolved P as a component to constructed wetland technology. The hypothesis is that the use of a source of slow-release cations (i.e. Ca2+, Mg2+, Fe2+/3+, Al3+) coupled with either a sedimentation pond or filtration media and periodic desludging/removal followed by land application can close the loop on P in agricultural drainage basins. Technology development will evolve from lab to pilot to field scale. The second objective is to characterize N and P loading and fractioning (total, particulate, dissolved, N cycling) at cooperator sites in Eastern Ontario with fully instrumented constructed wetland systems representing typical agricultural wastewaters: cropping system drainage, beef production runoff and dairy production washwaters. The third objective is to study N/P attenuation mechanisms and model removal rates in the constructed wetland systems treating agricultural wastewaters. The final objective is to apply, validate and adapt the P capture technology at the existing cooperator sites. The three field sites are fully instrumented for flow (v-notch weirs with depth loggers, pump runtime loggers) and water quality sampling (solar powered composite samplers, groundwater piezometers, zero-tension lysimeters). All water quality analytical work will be conducted at the University of Ottawa's environmental engineering laboratories following Standard Methods. HQP training is central to the research program, with 2 Ph.D, 6 M.A.Sc., and several M.Eng and Undergraduate students implicated in the development of the P-recovery technology, wetland characterization and modelling activities. Strong collaboration with government and industry provides a strong platform for technology transfer.

从农业流域到地表水体和地下水含水层的营养迁移对公共卫生和环境构成了重大威胁，并且在饮用水处理和娱乐潜力损失方面代表了高经济成本。国际联合委员会（IJC，2014年）发表的一份报告指出，农业径流可以为水道造成重大养分负荷，并规定农业运营是负责磷的主要因素的主要贡献者之一。该报告描述了农业系统从净磷下水道发展到现在从大多数农场出口的净磷的地方。加拿大各地的湖泊和河流已经记录了磷的水平升高，并导致蓝细菌开花的发展，这导致毒素被释放到地表水体中。该研究计划涉及从农业废水中减少N和P的恢复，并由四个相互关联的目标组成。第一个目标是开发一种技术来捕获和恢复溶解的P，作为构建湿地技术的组成部分。假设是，使用缓释阳离子的来源（即Ca2+，Mg2+，Fe2+/3+，Al3+）以及沉积池或过滤介质以及周期性的去除/去除，然后是土地施加的，可以在农业排水层中关闭循环。技术开发将从实验室到飞行员发展到现场规模。第二个目的是表征安大略省东部的合作社地点的N和P负载和分馏（总，颗粒，溶解，N循环），并具有代表典型的农业废水的完全仪器的湿地系统：农作物系统排水，牛肉产量径流和奶油生产量。第三个目标是研究处理农业废水的构造湿地系统中的N/P衰减机制和模型去除率。最终的目标是在现有合作者站点应用，验证和调整P捕获技术。这三个场地是完整的，可以完全仪器进行流动（带有深度记录仪，泵运行时记录仪）和水质采样（太阳能复合采样器，地下水打电点，零张力溶解度计）的流量。所有水质分析工作将按照标准方法在渥太华大学的环境工程实验室进行。 HQP培训是研究计划的核心，拥有2个博士学位，6 M.A.Sc。以及与P恢复技术，湿地表征和建模活动的开发有关的几位M.ENG和本科生。与政府和行业的强大合作为技术转移提供了强大的平台。