Solar Wind Influences on the Earth's Space Environment: Solar Wind-Magnetosphere-Atmosphere Coupling

太阳风对地球空间环境的影响：太阳风-磁层-大气耦合

基本信息

批准号：
RGPIN-2017-05472
负责人：
McWilliams, Kathryn
金额：
$ 2.19万
依托单位：
University of Saskatchewan
依托单位国家：
加拿大
项目类别：
Discovery Grants Program - Individual
财政年份：
2020
资助国家：
加拿大
起止时间：
2020-01-01 至 2021-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=711658
关键词：
Solar Wind Influences Earth Space

项目摘要

The energy budget of Earth's space environment is controlled largely by the energy transfer between the solar wind and the magnetosphere. The degree to which the highly variable solar wind couples to the magnetosphere is controlled by magnetic reconnection between the interplanetary magnetic field and the Earth's magnetic field. Reconnection drives large-scale plasma circulation in the coupled magnetosphere-ionosphere system, i.e., in geospace. Geospace is the region where human space exploration and commercial exploitation of space takes place. The proposed research program aims to investigate the coupling of the solar wind, the magnetosphere and the upper atmosphere, particularly the ionosphere, via simultaneous ground- and space-based observations of: the upstream solar wind conditions, the state of the ionosphere and thermosphere, the circulation of plasma in the magnetosphere, magnetic field variations, and the magnetospheric currents that produce aurora. Ground-based studies of the ionosphere have the advantages of being relatively inexpensive and able to cover vast areas. Since all points in the magnetosphere are linked to the ionosphere by the Earth's magnetic field lines, the ionosphere acts as a large screen onto which magnetosphere dynamics are projected, allowing ground based instrument to remotely sense nearly the entirety of geospace. Satellites, in contrast, have the advantage of being able to measure magnetospheric phenomena in situ with high precision but usually in highly localized regions. Taken together, ground- and space-based datasets provide essential complementary information on plasma physics processes in the magnetosphere. Joint ground- and space-based studies of particles, electromagnetic fields, and currents hold the key to understanding the influence of solar activity on the Earth's space environment.

地球空间环境的能量预算主要由太阳风与磁层之间的能量转移控制。高度可变的太阳风夫妇到磁层的高度可通过行星际磁场和地球磁场之间的磁重接头控制的程度。重新连接驱动耦合的磁层 - 离子层系统中的大规模等离子体循环，即在地理水域中。地理空间是进行人类空间探索和商业空间剥削的地区。拟议的研究计划旨在通过同时基于地面和空间的观测值来研究太阳风，磁层和高层大气，尤其是电离层的耦合：上游太阳风条件，电离层和热层的状态，即电离层的状态，磁层，磁场变化和产生极光的磁层电流中等离子体的循环。对电离层的地面研究具有相对便宜并能够覆盖广阔地区的优势。由于磁层中的所有点都通过地球的磁场线与电离层相关联，因此电离层充当了投影磁层动力学的大屏幕，从而使地面仪器几乎可以远程感知几乎整个地理要求。相比之下，卫星的优势是能够以高精度，但通常在高度局部的区域测量磁层现象。综上所述，基于空间和空间的数据集为磁层中的血浆物理过程提供了必要的补充信息。颗粒，电磁场和电流的关节基和空间研究是理解太阳能活动对地球太空环境的影响的关键。