LIGHT ALLOY DESIGN FOR AUTOMOTIVE, AEROSPACE AND BIO APPLICATIONS

汽车、航空航天和生物应用的轻合金设计

• 批准号: RGPIN-2016-05121
• 负责人: Pekguleryuz, Mihriban
• 金额: $ 3.13万
• 依托单位: McGill University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2020-01-01 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=709204
• 关键词: LIGHT; ALLOY; DESIGN; AUTOMOTIVE; AEROSPACE

The current proposal is on the development of lightweight materials, aluminum (Al) and magnesium (Mg) for weight reduction in transport industries and on bio-absorbable implant materials for bio-medical applications. The current proposed program is different in that three innovative concepts not currently used by any similar research program in the field will be employed to develop effective new materials. These concepts are related to (i) crystal structure modification, (ii) the use of surface active elements and (iii) the innovative design of intra-granular nano-scale dispersoid in Mg and Al alloys. The alloys will have a range of improved properties such as creep resistance, formability, bio-degradability, bio-compatibility, bio-corrosion resistance or ignition resistance, and will be used in applications such as the car engine, diesel engine, car body structures, aircraft cabin interior, and biomedical implants. The team led by the applicant will include Postdoctoral Fellow (Dr A. Farkoosh), 4. PhD students (with scholarships), 2. M. Eng and 2 undergraduate students. There are current collaborations of the team with the industry (Fiat Chrysler Automobiles, Raufoss Automobile Parts, Baylis Medical). The HQP will be trained in light alloy development, transport materials, biomedical applications and on transferable skills in electron microscopy, surface and microstructural characterization, casting and wrought alloy microstructures; they will interact with the automotive, aerospace and bio industries. The research is important for the transport sector that has long-term goals in vehicle-weight reduction for fuel economy, performance and reduced emissions, which need to be balanced with cost targets and reliability. It is known that the growing CO2 emissions from the transportation sector currently contribute 25% of Canada's total greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and the government has targeted a 45-65% reduction in GHGs by 2050. An example of impact is the Mg alloy developed by the applicant which was used on all BMW engine blocks for one decade 2004-2014 with 15% reduction in engine weight. The proposed research is also important for aircrafts that strive for a competitive edge in fuel economy which is only possible through weight reduction. The use of ignition proof Mg will enable aircraft weight reduction. In the biomedical field, the use of bio-degradable Mg cardiovascular stents will eliminate repeated stenting procedures which introduce additional health-related complications, decrease the life quality of the patient, increase the morbidity rate, and burden the health care system with additional cost. It will also eliminate the repeat surgeries in pediatric coronary patients for re-stenting during growth. Research on biocompatible Mg will also extend the use of Mg in drug delivery and as bone implants.

目前的提案是开发轻质材料、铝（Al）和镁（Mg）以减轻运输行业的重量，以及开发用于生物医学应用的生物可吸收植入材料。目前提出的计划的不同之处在于，该领域任何类似研究计划目前未使用的三个创新概念将被用来开发有效的新材料。 这些概念涉及（i）晶体结构改性、（ii）表面活性元素的使用以及（iii）镁和铝合金中晶内纳米级弥散体的创新设计。 该合金将具有一系列改进的性能，如抗蠕变性、可成形性、生物降解性、生物相容性、抗生物腐蚀性或抗燃性，并将用于汽车发动机、柴油发动机、车身结构等应用、飞机机舱内部和生物医学植入物。申请人领导的团队将包括博士后研究员（Dr A. Farkoosh）、4名博士生（有奖学金）、2名工程硕士和2名本科生。该团队目前正在与业界（菲亚特克莱斯勒汽车公司、Raufoss Automobile Parts、Baylis Medical）进行合作。 HQP将接受轻合金开发、运输材料、生物医学应用以及电子显微镜、表面和微观结构表征、铸造和锻造合金微观结构方面可转移技能的培训；他们将与汽车、航空航天和生物行业互动。 这项研究对于交通部门来说非常重要，交通部门的长期目标是减轻车辆重量，以提高燃油经济性、性能和减少排放，而这些目标需要与成本目标和可靠性相平衡。众所周知，交通运输部门不断增长的二氧化碳排放量目前占加拿大温室气体 (GHG) 排放总量的 25%，政府的目标是到 2050 年将温室气体排放量减少 45-65%。 所产生影响的一个例子是开发的镁合金由申请人设计，在 2004 年至 2014 年的十年间用于所有 BMW 发动机缸体，发动机重量减轻了 15%。拟议的研究对于那些努力在燃油经济性方面取得竞争优势的飞机也很重要，而这只有通过减轻重量才能实现。使用防燃镁将有助于减轻飞机重量。在生物医学领域，使用可生物降解的镁心血管支架将消除重复的支架置入手术，这些手术会带来额外的健康相关并发症，降低患者的生活质量，增加发病率，并给医疗保健系统带来额外的费用负担。它还将消除儿科冠心病患者在生长期间重复进行重新支架手术的情况。 对生物相容性镁的研究还将扩大镁在药物输送和骨植入物中的用途。