A novel biofungicide derived from black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larval frass

一种源自黑水虻 (Hermetia illucens) 幼虫粪的新型生物杀菌剂

• 批准号: 521402-2018
• 负责人: Vandenberg, Grant
• 金额: $ 13.9万
• 依托单位: Université Laval
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Strategic Projects - Group
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2020-01-01 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=697697
• 关键词: novel; biofungicide; derived; black; soldier

Consumers are increasingly seeking quality produce grown under systems respecting progressively more restrictive environmental guidelines. Organic amendments of diverse origin such as composts or manure are considered a good source of nutrients and are often used as a source of fertilization. In addition to the potential environmental benefits related to the use of organic amendments, they also have demonstrated an ability to control soil-borne plant pathogens. The effectiveness of composts in the suppression of plant diseases has been described in the literature. Considering that various vegetable and ornamental plants are susceptible to fungal diseases caused by a multitude of pathogens, the use of extracts from organic materials may prevent losses resulting from such diseases.Recent efforts by our research group have developed strategies for biotransforming waste organic residues using insect larvae. This approach upcycles food wastes to produce valuable animal feed ingredients. A secondary product of this bioprocess is larval excrement called 'frass', which is rich in organic matter in addition to maco and micro elements that have proven valuable as soil amendments for horticultural crops. This bioresource is also a rich source of unique microbial communities. Recent work from our lab has demonstrated that frass from our insect larvae bioconversion facility significantly inhibits the growth of Pythium ultimum, and economically-important plant fungal pathogen. Filter-sterilization of the frass media resulted in the elimination of this effect, demonstrating that of fungal growth inhibition is a microbial-mediated phenomenon. The current proposal seeks to demonstrate the impact of insect larval frass on disease suppressiveness in horticultural crops, to understand the impacts of frass characteristics on the augemented phytoprotective effects in treated plants. We will employ next-generation metagenomic sequencing to identify microbial communities involved in the observed effects. This work will pave the way for the development of novel biofungicides to assist producers to pursue enhanced sustainable industry development.

消费者越来越多地寻求在尊重日益严格的环境准则的系统下种植的优质农产品。不同来源的有机改良剂（例如堆肥或粪肥）被认为是良好的营养来源，并且经常用作施肥来源。除了与使用有机改良剂相关的潜在环境效益外，它们还表现出控制土传植物病原体的能力。文献中已经描述了堆肥在抑制植物病害方面的有效性。考虑到各种蔬菜和观赏植物容易受到多种病原体引起的真菌病害的影响，使用有机材料的提取物可以防止此类疾病造成的损失。我们的研究小组最近的努力开发了利用昆虫生物转化废弃有机残留物的策略幼虫。这种方法对食物垃圾进行升级改造，生产有价值的动物饲料成分。该生物过程的副产品是被称为“粪渣”的幼虫排泄物，除了已证明对园艺作物的土壤改良剂有价值的巨量元素和微量元素外，它还富含有机物。这种生物资源也是独特微生物群落的丰富来源。我们实验室最近的工作表明，我们的昆虫幼虫生物转化设施中的粪便可显着抑制终极腐霉和具有经济重要性的植物真菌病原体的生长。对苔藓介质进行过滤灭菌可消除这种效应，表明真菌生长抑制是一种微生物介导的现象。目前的提案旨在证明昆虫幼虫粪对园艺作物疾病抑制的影响，以了解粪的特征对处理植物增强植物保护作用的影响。我们将采用下一代宏基因组测序来识别与观察到的影响有关的微生物群落。这项工作将为新型生物杀菌剂的开发铺平道路，以帮助生产者追求增强的可持续工业发展。