Autonomous search and rescue of in-water victims with unmanned aerial vehicles in marine environments

海洋环境下无人机自主搜救水中遇难者

• 批准号: 530443-2018
• 负责人: Seto, Mae
• 金额: $ 3.64万
• 依托单位: Dalhousie University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Collaborative Research and Development Grants
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2020-01-01 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=697965
• 关键词: Autonomous; search; rescue; water; victims

People unexpectedly in ocean water, from say a ship, is an emergency incident. The International Maritime Organization rules stipulate efforts must be applied to localize and rescue the victim(s). Usually, a timely response is difficult and the incident is discovered late. Additional time is required for the vessel to perform the man-overboard manoeuver (Williamson turn), localize the victim(s), muster the rescue crew, deploy a rescue vessel, and to perform the rescue itself. This is further complicated if the victims are in a sea state, hypothermic waters, or in the dark. They succumb by drowning from exhaustion, hypothermia or exposure. People are unexpectedly in the water due to: (1) work accidents (35-50%), (2) alcohol-related (25-35%), or suicides (20-40%). With very few exceptions, there are no autonomous in-water victim detection tools to localize the victims that are economical, rapidly deployable and quickly engaged while the ship turns around, etc. The proposed concept of deploying an unmanned aerial vehicle with on-board intelligent search abilities and upon localization of the victim, deploys a buoyancy assist to the victim. This puts into play an immediate search to localize the in-water victims while the ship turns around, organizes its on-board rescue effort, etc. Otherwise the search does not start until the ship is 'on station' and is usually done visually at sea level. The proposed concept capitalizes on best use of time and resources in a situation where minutes make a life or death difference. Given Canada's expansive coastlines and the time it takes to initiate land-based search and rescue efforts this tools would be of interest to Canadian marine search and rescue for cruise ships, Coast Guard ships, Department of National Defence ships, offshore rigs, larger fishing vessels, etc. The objective of this NSERC Collaborative and Research Development grant is to identify and address capabilities that are required for subject problem.

人们竟然在海水中，从一艘船里出来，是一个紧急事件。 国际海事组织规则规定，必须努力定位和营救受害者。 通常情况下，及时响应是很困难的，并且事件发现得很晚。 船只需要额外的时间来执行人员落水操纵（威廉姆森转弯）、定位受害者、召集救援人员、部署救援船以及自行执行救援。 如果受害者处于海洋状态、低温水域或黑暗中，情况会更加复杂。他们因精疲力尽、体温过低或暴露在外而溺水身亡。 人们意外落水的原因有：(1) 工作事故 (35-50%)、(2) 酒精相关 (25-35%) 或自杀 (20-40%)。 除了极少数例外，目前还没有经济的、可快速部署的、在船舶掉头时能快速介入的自主水下受害者检测工具来定位受害者。 所提出的概念是部署具有机载智能搜索能力的无人机，并在定位受害者后向受害者部署浮力辅助装置。 这可以在船舶掉头、组织船上救援工作等时立即进行搜索，以定位水中的受害者。否则，直到船舶“就位”后，搜索才会开始，并且通常在海平面。 在几分钟就决定生死的情况下，所提出的概念充分利用了时间和资源。 考虑到加拿大广阔的海岸线以及启动陆上搜救工作所需的时间，该工具将引起加拿大游轮、海岸警卫队船只、国防部船舶、海上钻井平台、大型渔船海上搜救的兴趣。等。 NSERC 合作和研究开发拨款的目的是确定和解决主题问题所需的能力。