Evaluating microbial risks and performance criteria for safe management of stormwater and rainwater use in Alberta

评估艾伯塔省暴雨和雨水利用安全管理的微生物风险和绩效标准

• 批准号: 520869-2017
• 负责人: Neumann, Norman
• 金额: $ 8.49万
• 依托单位: University of Alberta
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Collaborative Research and Development Grants
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2020-01-01 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=697606
• 关键词: Evaluating; microbial; risks; performance; criteria

Alberta is faced with water quality and scarcity issues. Stormwater and rainwater are alternative water sources that can supplement growing water demands, but are plagued by: i) aging pipe infrastructure; ii) design challenges (i.e., combined sewer outfalls, illicit cross-connections); iii) the absence of North American pathogen-related criteria for safe reuse; iv) a lack of scientific data on pathogen/contaminant concentrations to estimate risks; and v) a lack of, or conflicting, regulatory policy framework in Alberta and Canada. These challenges have impeded the adoption of a province-wide regulatory framework. Since waterborne pathogens represent an acute risk, we propose to work with municipalities (Calgary and Airdrie) on evaluating the microbial risks associated with stormwater and rainwater reuse. Water samples from stormwater and rainwater systems will be collected and analyzed for microbial pathogens (viruses, bacteria, protozoans, helminths) and routine microbial water quality targets (E. coli, coliforms). Microbial source tracking will be done to identify sources of pollution impacting these systems. This data, along with other physicochemical parameters (precipitation, drainage flow, land-use, etc.), will be used to model pathogen transport in stormwater systems for evaluating microbial loading. The data will be fed into quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA) frameworks to evaluate water safety in terms of 'water-fit-for-purpose' under a variety of reuse scenarios (e.g., irrigation, toilet flushing, etc.), and the level of treatment determined for meeting risk targets. The information will also be used to develop water safety plans to manage pathogen risks. The project will be instrumental in developing and supporting sustainable water reuse in Canada by fundamentally grounding science-based evidence in regulatory development. In addition to decreasing dependency on potable supplies and reducing costs associated with infrastructure expansion, the benefits to Canadian society include drought control, long-term water supply management, lowering the ecological footprints of cities, and providing sustainable practices to support urban challenges in Canada's municipalities.

艾伯塔省面临水质和稀缺问题。雨水和雨水是可以补充不断增长的水需求的替代水源，但受到以下方式困扰：i）老化的管道基础设施； ii）设计挑战（即，下水道排放量，非法交叉连接）； iii）没有北美病原体相关的标准以进行安全重复使用； iv）缺乏有关病原体/污染物浓度的科学数据来估计风险； v）在艾伯塔省和加拿大缺乏或相互冲突的监管政策框架。这些挑战阻碍了范围内的监管框架的采用。由于水传播病原体代表着急性风险，因此我们建议与市政当局（Calgary和Airdrie）合作，以评估与雨水和雨水再利用相关的微生物风险。将收集来自雨水和雨水系统的水样，并分析微生物病原体（病毒，细菌，原生动物，蠕动）和常规微生物水质靶标（大肠杆菌，大肠菌群）。将进行微生物源跟踪，以确定影响这些系统的污染源。该数据以及其他物理化学参数（降水，排水流，土地使用等）将用于对雨水系统中的病原体转运进行建模，以评估微生物负荷。这些数据将被馈入定量微生物风险评估（QMRA）框架中，以评估“水上拟合用途”的水安全性（例如，灌溉，厕所冲洗等）以及确定用于满足风险目标的治疗水平。该信息还将用于制定水安全计划来管理病原体风险。该项目将通过从根本上基于监管发展的科学证据来开发和支持加拿大的可持续水资源。除了减少对饮用物资的依赖并降低与基础设施扩展相关的成本外，加拿大社会的收益还包括干旱控制，长期供水管理，降低城市的生态足迹，以及提供可持续的实践，以支持加拿大市政府的城市挑战。