Climate and ocean dynamics informing resource management and adaptation policy

气候和海洋动力学为资源管理和适应政策提供信息

• 批准号: 521427-2018
• 负责人: Kienast, Markus
• 金额: $ 18.52万
• 依托单位: Dalhousie University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Strategic Projects - Group
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2019-01-01 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=694685
• 关键词: Climate; ocean; dynamics; informing; resource

The abundance, distribution, and size of fish species are intrinsically linked to changing ocean conditions such as water temperatures and nutrient regimes. They are also profoundly affected by human activities, most prominently fisheries exploitation. While historical accounts of the latter are taken into account in fisheries management, very little is known about the historical link between ocean environmental change and marine ecosystems in general, and fish communities in particular. This project will generate high resolution and quantitative reconstructions of ocean dynamics vis-à-vis fish abundances in the Northwest Atlantic ecosystem during the last 2,000 years, a time span covering both the pre-Colonial and post- European settlement world. Records of changing ocean environmental conditions derived from sedimentary, coral and mollusk records will be combined with records of variations in fish abundance, size, and community structure from both fish microfossils (ichthyoliths) preserved in the sedimentary record and from archaeological and historical data. These data sets will be compared with realistic coupled climate biogeochemistry-ecosystem-fishing hindcast models. This highly innovative approach of combining diverse time series will, for the first time, provide reference points on a shifting baseline for climate change adaptation policy and ecosystem management and will directly inform integrative models to improve predictive capacity of ecosystem forecasts under Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) projected climate scenarios. Our results will be communicated to decision makers, such as the Department of Fisheries and Oceans (DFO), and the public through outreach, education, and advocacy efforts in collaboration with our end-users, including DFO and the World Wildlife Fund (WWF) Canada. Our results will also be immediately applicable to fisheries and oceans management processes, including a move towards ecosystem-based fisheries management and broad scale spatial protections.

鱼类物种的抽象，分布和大小与不断变化的海洋条件（如水温和养分状况）内在地联系在一起。它们也受到人类活动的深刻影响，最突出的渔业剥削。尽管渔业管理中考虑了后者的历史记载，但对海洋环境变化与一般海洋生态系统之间的历史联系尤其是鱼类群落，鲜为人知。该项目将在过去2，000年中对西北大西洋生态系统的鱼类丰度的海洋动力学进行高分辨率和定量重建，这一时间涵盖了前殖民和欧洲后环境世界。从沉积，珊瑚和软体动物记录中得出的海洋环境条件变化的记录将结合使用在沉积物记录中保存以及存档和历史数据中保存在两种鱼微化石（ichthyoliths）中的鱼类丰度，大小和社区结构的变化记录。这些数据集将与现实的耦合气候生物地球化学 - 系统捕获后广播模型进行比较。这种高度创新的方法结合潜水时间序列序列将首次提供有关气候变化适应政策和生态系统管理的转换基线的参考点，并将直接为综合模型提供信息，以提高因气候变化（IPCC）预测气候场景的政府间小组中的生态系统森林的预测能力。我们的结果将通过与我们的最终用户（包括DFO和世界野生动物基金（WWF）加拿大）合作，通过外展，教育和倡导工作来传达决策者，例如渔业和海洋部（DFO），以及公众。我们的结果还将立即适用于渔业和海洋管理过程，包括朝着基于生态系统的渔业管理和广泛的空间保护措施迈进。