Development of a vaccine against avian reovirus infection in broiler chickens

肉鸡禽呼肠孤病毒感染疫苗的研制

• 批准号: 523836-2018
• 负责人: Gomis, Susantha
• 金额: $ 5.83万
• 依托单位: University of Saskatchewan
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Collaborative Research and Development Grants
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2019-01-01 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=692129
• 关键词: Development; vaccine; against; avian; reovirus

Avian reoviruses (ARVs) are etiological agents for an economically important emerging poultry disease.Arthrogenic ARVs cause tenosynovitis/arthritis syndrome which is characterized by unilateral or bilateralswelling of the hock joint resulting in lameness. Depending on the severity, ARV infection results in poorgrowth and poor production, and sometimes death, causing considerable economic losses to the poultryindustry. While commercial vaccines are available, the incidence of emerging virulent strains of ARV thatcontinue to impact the Canadian poultry industry suggest that current vaccines are not effective againstcirculating ARV strains. Vaccination is the preferred means to protect broiler chickens from ARV infection.Currently, some farms in Canada use autogenous vaccines to prevent ARV infection in chickens; however,autogenous vaccines induce unpredictable immunity and have limited potential as a dedicated control measureagainst ARVs. There is no effective vaccine available against the emerging ARV strains currently circulating inthe Canadian broiler chicken industry. If ARVs continue to cause disease, the Canadian broiler chickenindustry will continue to suffer significant economic losses. Therefore, the development of a safe and aneffective vaccine based on the characteristics of circulating virulent strains of ARV is essential. We havecharacterized emerging variant ARVs from the broiler chicken industry in Saskatchewan at the genetic andimmunological level. We have demonstrated that four genotypes of ARV affect the Saskatchewan broilerchicken industry and these genotypes cannot be controlled by a ARV vaccine containing just one type. Wepropose to develop a safe and effective multivalent live and inactivated vaccine against ARVs specificallytailored for the Canadian poultry industry to control emerging ARV infections.

禽呼肠孤病毒 (ARV) 是一种经济上重要的新兴家禽疾病的病原体。关节源性 ARV 会引起腱鞘炎/关节炎综合征，其特征是单侧或双侧跗关节肿胀，导致跛行。根据严重程度，抗逆转录病毒感染会导致生长不良和生产不良，有时甚至导致死亡，给家禽业造成相当大的经济损失。虽然可以使用商业疫苗，但新出现的抗逆转录病毒毒株的发生率继续影响加拿大家禽业，这表明当前的疫苗不能有效对抗循环的抗逆转录病毒毒株。疫苗接种是保护肉鸡免受ARV感染的首选手段。目前，加拿大的一些农场使用自体疫苗来预防鸡的ARV感染；然而，自体疫苗会产生不可预测的免疫力，并且作为抗逆转录病毒药物的专门控制措施的潜力有限。对于目前在加拿大肉鸡行业中流行的新出现的抗逆转录病毒病毒株，尚无有效的疫苗。如果抗逆转录病毒药物继续引起疾病，加拿大肉鸡产业将继续遭受重大经济损失。因此，根据抗逆转录病毒毒力株的特点开发安全有效的疫苗至关重要。我们在遗传和免疫学水平上对来自萨斯喀彻温省肉鸡行业的新出现的抗逆转录病毒变异病毒进行了表征。我们已经证明，四种基因型的抗逆转录病毒药物影响萨斯喀彻温省的肉鸡产业，而这些基因型不能通过仅含有一种基因型的抗逆转录病毒疫苗来控制。我们建议开发一种安全有效的抗逆转录病毒多价活疫苗和灭活疫苗，专为加拿大家禽业定制，以控制新出现的抗逆转录病毒感染。