Changing Ocular Delivery Paradigms

改变眼部传递模式

• 批准号: RGPIN-2018-06746
• 负责人: Sheardown, Heather
• 金额: $ 3.35万
• 依托单位: McMaster University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2019-01-01 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=689230
• 关键词: Changing; Ocular; Delivery; Paradigms

With the aging population and increasing lifestyle factors, diseases of the eye have become significant burdens to the health of Canadians. With an estimated cost of more than $15 B annually, vision impairment affects more Canadians than breast cancer, prostate cancer, Alzheimers and Parkinson's disease combined. Furthermore, vision impaired patients have increased incidences of depression, are admitted to nursing homes earlier, fall more often and die at a significantly younger age than the sighted population. With advances in the development of new therapeutics, there is however a need overcome limitations to traditional methods of delivery. Materials-based solutions have a great potential to overcome many of these limitations. While biomaterials have a long history of use in the eye, mainly as contact lenses and intraocular lenses, there are opportunities to improve materials used in ophthalmic applications, both to increase patient comfort and convenience and improve the efficacy of the treatment. The research program described is aimed at the development of novel materials-based ocular treatments, including new drug delivery devices targeting front and back of the eye and new contact lens materials. Front of the eye delivery systems are designed to take advantage of the natural anatomical features of the tear film in order to prolong the residence time of the drug on the eye while capitalizing on the acceptability of eyedrops. While injections are routinely used to treat diseases of the back of the eye, the frequency of the treatments is inconvenient for both the physician and the patient and each breach of the eye carries with it a significant risk of complication. In situ gelling systems will allow the injections to be performed much less frequently, minimizing these risks. Finally, new contact lens surfaces with improved wettability and lower friction will minimize discomfort and decrease the risk of complications. Ultimately, novel ocular materials will allow for better visual outcomes and richer lives for the growing visually compromised population.

随着人口老龄化和生活方式因素的增加，眼部疾病已成为加拿大人健康的重大负担。 据估计，视力障碍每年造成的费用超过 15 美元，比乳腺癌、前列腺癌、阿尔茨海默病和帕金森病的总和还要多。 此外，与视力正常的人群相比，视力受损的患者患抑郁症的几率更高，更早入住疗养院，更容易跌倒，而且死亡年龄也明显更早。 然而，随着新疗法开发的进步，需要克服传统递送方法的限制。 基于材料的解决方案具有克服许多这些限制的巨大潜力。 虽然生物材料在眼部的使用有着悠久的历史，主要作为隐形眼镜和人工晶状体，但仍有机会改进眼科应用中使用的材料，既可以提高患者的舒适度和便利性，又可以提高治疗效果。 所述研究计划旨在开发基于新型材料的眼部治疗方法，包括针对眼睛前部和后部的新型药物输送装置以及新型隐形眼镜材料。 眼前输送系统的设计是为了利用泪膜的自然解剖学特征，以延长药物在眼睛上的停留时间，同时利用滴眼剂的可接受性。 虽然注射通常用于治疗眼后部的疾病，但治疗的频率对医生和患者来说都是不方便的，并且每次眼睛破裂都会带来并发症的巨大风险。 原位凝胶系统将使注射频率大大降低，从而最大限度地降低这些风险。 最后，新型隐形眼镜表面具有更好的润湿性和更低的摩擦力，可最大程度地减少不适并降低并发症的风险。 最终，新型眼科材料将为日益增长的视力障碍人群带来更好的视觉效果和更丰富的生活。