Ecology & Evolution of Sexual Selection

生态

• 批准号: RGPIN-2016-06133
• 负责人: Long, Tristan
• 金额: $ 2.04万
• 依托单位: Wilfrid Laurier University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2019-01-01 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=682292
• 关键词: Ecology; Evolution; Sexual; Selection

Sexual selection is a powerful agent of evolutionary change, as non-random mating increases individual variation in reproductive success, thereby altering the frequencies of alleles passed on from one generation to the next. While sexual selection is commonly associated with the evolution of elaborate morphological, behavioural and physiological traits in males, as well as preferences for some of these traits in females, there is a great deal that we still do not understand about its operation, and its short-and long-term impact on species adaptation (2) tests of whether sexual selection is complementary or antagonistic to natural selection. Our research will use 2 species of fruit flies: D. melanogaster, which has served extensively as a model for courtship/mating behaviour and the spotted-wing fly, D. suzukii, an invasive ( evolutionary trajectory. Despite its potential importance, variation in female mate choice has been largely overlooked. Over the next 5yrs we shall continue exploring the genetic adaptive evolution is contentious. If traits favoured by sexual selection are signals of overall “quality”, then non-random mating will complement natural selection. However, if traits that increase individual reproductive success come at a cost of survival (or to members of the opposite sex), then natural & sexual selection will act in opposition, thereby interfering with the ability of species to adapt to their environment. We plan to test this empirically testing this using experimental evolution using Drosophila sp. as the opportunity (& intensity) of sexual selection, as well as the environment, can be easily manipulated, & meaningful measurements of individual fitness can be made. **

性选择是进化变化的强大推动者，因为非随机交配增加了繁殖成功的个体差异，从而改变了等位基因从一代传到下一代的频率，而性选择通常与复杂的形态进化有关。雄性的行为和生理特征，以及雌性对其中一些特征的偏好，我们仍然不了解它的运作方式，以及它对物种适应的短期和长期影响（2）测试性选择是互补还是对抗我们的研究将使用两种果蝇：黑腹果蝇（D. melanogaster）和斑翅果蝇（D. suzukii），前者是求偶/交配行为的模型，后者是一种入侵性（进化轨迹）。尽管它具有潜在的重要性。雌性择偶的变异在很大程度上被忽视了，在接下来的五年里，我们将继续探索有争议的适应性遗传进化，如果性选择所青睐的特征是整体“质量”的信号，那么非随机交配将补充自然交配。然而，如果提高个体繁殖成功率的特征是以生存（或异性成员）为代价的，那么自然选择和性选择就会产生相反的作用，从而干扰物种适应环境的能力。我们计划使用果蝇的实验进化来对此进行实证测试，因为性选择的机会（和强度）以及环境可以轻松操纵，并且可以对个体适应性进行有意义的测量**。