Towards a new generation of adaptive climate and weather models

迈向新一代自适应气候和天气模型

• 批准号: RGPIN-2018-05586
• 负责人: Kevlahan, Nicholas
• 金额: $ 1.68万
• 依托单位: McMaster University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2019-01-01 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=679450
• 关键词: Towards; new; generation; adaptive; climate

Wavelet multiresolution analysis is one of the most significant mathematical breakthroughs of the last 30 years. The impact of wavelet methods in both pure and applied mathematics was recognized when Yves Meyer was awarded the 2017 Abel Prize for “his pivotal role in the development of the mathematical theory of wavelets.”******Wavelet methods are now common in analysis, statistics and approximation theory. This proposal applies the multiscale formalism of wavelet analysis to adaptively solve nonlinear partial differential equations (PDEs) on the sphere. In particular, I will use the mathematical tools I develop to build a full climate model. This innovative climate model will be applied to investigate open problems in the physics of atmospheres and oceans. The research program will impact both numerical analysis (adaptive numerical methods for PDEs in spherical topology) and climate modelling.******Weather and climate models use static computational grids which are unable to adapt to resolve rapidly developing storms or coarsen where less accuracy is needed. This means that computational resources are used inefficiently and that the resulting errors are not uniformly bounded in space and time. It is also difficult to increase resolution where more accuracy is needed, for example over densely populated areas. ******The first objective extends our adaptive 2D shallow water model to a 3D multilayer hydrostatic model. At this point it will form a so-called "dynamical core" on which physical effects (e.g. radiation, clouds, the effect of topography, vegetation) can be added to build a true climate model. This will be the first dynamically adaptive dynamical core for both atmospheres and oceans.******The second objective develops a scale aware physics model to account for subgrid scale physical effects, such as cloud formation and solar radiation transfer. These processes occur on scales varying from ten thousand kilometres to submillimeter and from centuries to milliseconds. Weather models use data assimilation to optimally incorporate observations of temperature, wind etc. into the numerical simulation. The third objective is to develop new techniques in data assimilation that take advantage of the dynamic adaptive of our numerical model.******I will train 11 Highly Qualified Personnel (1 post-doctoral fellow, 2 PhD students, 3 MSc students and 5 BSc students) over the five-year span of this research program.******This proposal contributes to an international effort (e.g. by Environment Canada, ECMWF, NCAR, Météo France) to develop the next generation of weather and climate models. Canada has been a world leader in numerical weather prediction and climate modelling, and the knowledge gained in this research project will keep Canada at the forefront as new models are developed to deal with emerging challenges.**************

小波多解析分析是过去30年中最重要的数学突破之一。当Yves Meyer被授予2017 ABEL奖时，小波方法在纯数学和应用数学中的影响都得到了认可，因为他“他在小波的数学理论的发展中的关键作用”。****小波方法现在在分析，统计，统计和近似理论中很普遍。该提案应用小波分析的多尺寸格式来适应球体上的非线性偏微分方程（PDE）。特别是，我将使用开发的数学工具来构建完整的攀登模型。这种创新的攀岩模型将用于研究大气和海洋物理学中的开放问题。该研究计划将影响数值分析（球体拓扑中PDE的自适应数值方法）和气候建模。****天气和气候模型使用静态计算网格，这些计算网格无法适应迅速发展的风暴或需要较低精度的速度。这意味着计算资源的使用效率低下，并且所产生的错误在时空和时间上不均匀界定。在需要更准确性的情况下，例如人口稠密的区域也很难提高分辨率。 *****第一个目标将我们的自适应2D浅水模型扩展到3D多层静液压模型。在这一点上，它将形成所谓的“动力核心”，可以添加物理效应（例如辐射，云，地形，植被的影响）以构建真正的气候模型。这将是大气和海洋的第一个动态自适应动态核心。这些过程发生在从一万公里到亚毫米的尺度上，从几个世纪到毫秒。天气模型使用数据同化，将温度，风能等的观察结果最佳地纳入数值模拟。第三个目标是开发数据同化的新技术，以利用我们的数值模型的动态适应性。法国）开发下一代天气和气候模型。加拿大一直是数值天气预测和气候建模的世界领导者，随着新模型的开发以应对新兴挑战，该研究项目中获得的知识将使加拿大处于最前沿。****