Stable Water Isotope Study of a Mesoscale Precambrian Shield Basin for Improved Model Predictions of Water Quantity and Quality

中尺度前寒武纪地盾盆地稳定水同位素研究，改进水量和水质模型预测

• 批准号: RGPIN-2015-06449
• 负责人: James, April
• 金额: $ 1.6万
• 依托单位: Nipissing University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2019-01-01 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=678882
• 关键词: Stable; Water; Isotope; Study; Mesoscale

The study of the cycling of water through our watersheds is critical to improve our ability to predict the impact of human activities (e.g. urban and agricultural landuse, climate change) on freshwater resources. Regionally, Precambrian shield lakes are showing an increasing number of harmful algae blooms (HABs) with nutrient inputs (e.g phosphorus) and climate conditions likely contributing factors. Computer models are primary tools that help predict future impacts on water resources but their use comes with large uncertainties. Water cycling studies can generate important insights into how water is stored and released to our waterways, improving these models. Recent technology has reduced the cost and improved the ability to analyze water and vapor samples for isotopes of oxygen and hydrogen of the water molecule. Ratios of naturally occurring water isotopes can distinguish the mixture of water sources in streamflow (e.g. snowmelt, groundwater) and the influence of evaporation which provides new evidence of important hydrological processes at scales relevant to watershed management and decision making. ******Lake Nipissing and the French River are part of an important headwater tributary that flows into Georgian Bay. The lake, and its 13,000 km2 watershed is the source of water to local municipalities and First Nation communities, home to a First Nations fishery and 5% of Ontario's recreational angling, and contributes an estimated $100 million/year to Ontario's economy. Based at Nipissing University's new Watershed Analysis Centre, this research program will apply water isotope technology to improve understanding of water movement in the Sturgeon River-Lake Nipissing-French River (SNF) basin. It will specifically evaluate contributions of snowmelt, groundwater and surface water (e.g. lakes, wetlands, reservoirs) to seasonal streamflow during high and low flows and over several years, capturing inter- and intra-year variability in inputs. The influence of landscape characteristics (geology, soils, topography, natural and human-induced landcover/use) on streamflow generation will be assessed. Findings from the SNF basin will provide new insights into water cycling for Precambrian shield basins with significant influences of anthropogenic activities (urbanization, agricultural activity) and advance research approaches in assessing impacts on water cycling that will be used for improved predictions of the future of our freshwater resources on a broad scale.

对通过我们的流域骑自行车的研究对于提高我们预测人类活动影响的能力（例如城市和农业地产，气候变化）对淡水资源的影响至关重要。在区域上，前寒武纪的屏蔽湖显示出越来越多的有害藻类开花（HAB），养分输入（例如磷），气候条件可能会导致因素。计算机模型是有助于预测未来对水资源的影响的主要工具，但它们的使用伴随着大型不确定性。水自行车研究可以产生有关如何将水存储和释放到我们的水道的重要见解，从而改善了这些模型。最近的技术降低了成本，并提高了分析水分子氧气和氢的水和蒸气样品的能力。天然存在的水同位素的比率可以区分流量中的水源的混合物（例如融雪，地下水）和蒸发的影响，这为与分水岭管理和决策相关的尺度上重要的水文过程提供了新的证据。 ****** Nipissing湖和法国河是一个重要的源头支流的一部分，该河流流入佐治亚湾。该湖及其13,000 km2分水岭是当地市政当局和原住民社区的水源，是原住民渔业的所在地，占安大略省休闲钓鱼的5％，估计为安大略省的经济贡献了1亿加元。该研究计划位于Nipissing University的新流域分析中心，将采用水同位素技术来提高对Sturgeon River-Lake Nipissing-French-French River（SNF）盆地的水运动的了解。它将特别评估融雪，地下水和地表水（例如湖泊，湿地，水库）对高流量和低流量以及几年来季节性流量的贡献，从而捕获了输入年间和年间差异。将评估景观特征（地质，土壤，地形，自然和人类诱导的土地覆盖/使用）对水流产生的影响。 SNF盆地的发现将为前寒武纪屏蔽盆地的水循环提供新的见解，具有人为活动的重大影响（城市化，农业活动），并在评估对水循环的影响方面的研究方法，这些方法将用于改善广泛规模的淡水资源的未来预测。