Molecular phylogeny and speciation in a regional fauna

区域动物群的分子系统发育和物种形成

• 批准号: RGPIN-2018-03926
• 负责人: Taylor, Eric
• 金额: $ 4.53万
• 依托单位: University of British Columbia
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2018-01-01 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=666602
• 关键词: Molecular; phylogeny; speciation; regional; fauna

The central goal of my research program is to understand the origins and persistence of biodiversity at multiple spatial and temporal scales - from allelic variation at specific genetic loci to the assemblage of species at a biogeographic scale, and divergences spanning a few generations to millions of years. The long-term themes of my research program are to: (i) document the patterns of evolutionary divergence within and among species, (ii) test hypotheses concerning the origins and persistence of this variation and the relevance of processes such natural selection, hybridization, and vicariance, and (iii) to apply this knowledge to the conservation of biodiversity. I study freshwater and marine fishes in northwestern North America and the Arctic and integrate methods in ecology and genetics to address these central inquiries in organismal and evolutionary biology that also have important conservation applications. My research poses questions such as: what are the interrelationships amongst species within a clade and what biogeographic processes (e.g., tectonics, sea level changes, climate change) have shaped extant diversity? When species come into contact, do they hybridize and if so, what can the frequency and fate of hybrids tell us about the geographic, ecological and genetic processes driving speciation? What habitat features influence the extent and patterns of adaptive and neutral variation among conspecific populations? The key theme of this proposal examines species that come into contact to test hypotheses concerning the genome-wide extent of hybridization and the genetic basis of reproductive isolation. I exploit the occurrence of multiple areas of contact between two species of Salvelinus, S. alpinus (Arctic char) and S. malma (Dolly Varden) in western Alaska. I will build on our detailed nuclear DNA microsatellite analyses demonstrating contact and hybridization between these species by using genomic sequencing approaches to better pinpoint the extent and specific regions of the genome that distinguish these species in the face of gene flow. This work will also explore the hypothesis of life history character displacement by exploiting the occurrence of multiple allopatric and sympatric populations of both species which express the full range of freshwater resident and anadromous (searun) life histories. The significance and novelty of my research includes:(1) understanding a fundamental unknown in evolution (the origins and persistence of biodiversity),(ii) providing much needed training in biodiversity research in Canada, (iii) illustrating the intimate connection between habitat and biodiversity persistence critical for conservation assessment and action, and (iv) providing some emphasis for (i)-(iii) in northern areas which are relatively understudied and at increasing risk in Canada from environmental change.

我的研究计划的核心目标是了解生物多样性在多个空间和时间尺度上的起源和持久性 - 从特定遗传基因座的等位基因变异到生物地理规模的物种组合，以及跨越几代人到数百万年的分歧。我的研究计划的长期主题是：（i）记录物种内部和之间进化差异的模式，（ii）关于这种变化的起源和持久性的测试假设以及这种自然选择，杂交和替代性和（iii）的过程的相关性，以及（iii）将这种知识应用于生物生物保护的保护。我研究了北美西北部的淡水和海洋鱼类以及北极和整合生态和遗传学中的方法，以解决在生物和进化生物学中的这些中心询问，这些核心也具有重要的保护应用。我的研究提出了以下问题：进化枝内物种之间的相互关系是什么，以及哪些生物地理过程（例如构造，海平面变化，气候变化）塑造了现存的多样性？当物种接触时，它们会杂交吗？如果是这样，杂种的频率和命运可以告诉我们有关驱动物种物种物种形成的地理，生态和遗传过程的频率和命运？哪些栖息地会影响同种群中适应性和中立变化的程度和模式？该提案的关键主题研究了与杂交全基因组范围和生殖分离遗传基础有关的假设接触的物种。我利用了阿拉斯加西部的两种Salvelinus，Alpinus（Arctic Char）和S. Malma（Dolly Varden）之间多个接触区域的发生。我将通过使用基因组测序方法来更好地确定基因组的程度和特定区域，从而证明这些物种之间的接触和杂交，从而证明了这些物种的接触和杂交，这些核DNA微卫星分析的详细核DNA微卫星分析将建立。这项工作还将通过利用这两种物种的多个同种和同胞种群的出现来探讨生活历史特征的假设，这些人群表达了一系列淡水居民和无效的（Searun）生活历史。 The significance and novelty of my research includes:(1) understanding a fundamental unknown in evolution (the origins and persistence of biodiversity),(ii) providing much needed training in biodiversity research in Canada, (iii) illustrating the intimate connection between habitat and biodiversity persistence critical for conservation assessment and action, and (iv) providing some emphasis for (i)-(iii) in northern areas which are relatively understudied and加拿大环境变化的风险增加。