Hot water distribution improvement for multi-resident buildings

改善多住户建筑的热水分配

• 批准号: 528389-2018
• 负责人: Sullivan, Pierre
• 金额: $ 3.64万
• 依托单位: University of Toronto
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Collaborative Research and Development Grants
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2018-01-01 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=666173
• 关键词: Hot; water; distribution; improvement; multi

Energy consumption together with resident comfort and safety in multi-resident condominiums can be challenging. The residential building sector consumes 11-35% of total energy at the national levels in most countries. In the United States, the domestic hot water (DHW) use in multi-resident buildings is the second largest (next to space heating) portion of residential energy consumption. Some factors that can affect energy consumption, resident comfort and safety (e.g., scalding, legionella) include: (1) efficiency of the water heater, (2) control of flow circulation, (3) piping layout and architecture, (4) degraded and failed components and, (5) insulation of the distribution system including the recirculation loop. Hence, there is a clear need for comprehensive and validated DHW models to support retrofitting of existing distribution systems and new condominium construction builds. Such models would allow for the design of a reliable DHW distribution system, leading to elimination of resident discomfort (via timely delivery of hot water during peak hours) and higher hot water heating via regulated flow of hot water. These models would also provide insight on spatial distribution of temperature across the components of the DHW distribution system (i.e. hot water storage tank) to identify regions susceptible to Legionella bacteria. Equation-based (object-oriented) modeling and simulation tools such as OpenModelica (a Modelica-based modeling and simulation environment) and Simulink® can support improvement to understanding of DHW distribution systems. The present study will validate OpenModelica against real-world field tests. Such models can aid in retrofits and new condominium construction via better technology.

能源消耗以及居民在多居民公寓中的舒适性和安全性可能会受到挑战。在大多数国家，建筑部​​门的居民在国家一级消耗了总能源的11-35％。在美国，在多居民建筑中使用的家用热水（DHW）是第二大居民能源消耗的第二大（临近太空供暖）。某些可能影响能耗的因素，居民的舒适和安全性（例如，烫伤，Legendella）包括：（1）热水器的效率，（2）控制流动循环，（3）管道布局和建筑，（4）降解和失败的组件以及（5）包括再发条环在内的分配系统的绝缘。因此，显然需要全面且经过验证的DHW模型来支持现有分销系统和新的公寓构建版本的改造。这样的模型将允许设计可靠的DHW分配系统，从而消除居民不适（通过高峰时间及时输送热水），并通过调节的热水流量加热较高的热水。这些模型还将提供有关DHW分布系统组件（即热水储藏箱）中温度空间分布的见解，以识别易受军团菌细菌的区域。基于方程式（面向对象的）建模和仿真工具，例如OpenModelica（基于模型的建模和仿真环境）和Simulink®可以支持改进对DHW分配系统的理解。本研究将验证Open-Modelica针对现实世界现场测试。这样的模型可以通过更好的技术来帮助改造和新的公寓构建。