Integrated studies on soil-structure-climate interactions in susceptible environments to limit effects of climate change on at-risk Canadian infrastructure

对易受影响环境中土壤-结构-气候相互作用的综合研究，以限制气候变化对加拿大面临风险的基础设施的影响

• 批准号: RGPIN-2018-04373
• 负责人: Siemens, Greg
• 金额: $ 3.13万
• 依托单位: Royal Military College of Canada
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2018-01-01 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=665172
• 关键词: Integrated; studies; soil; structure; climate

2016 was the hottest year on record following on previous temperature records set in 2014 and 2015. In fact, the top 20 global temperature anomalies are entirely from the last 22 years. Climate change has the effect of increased global temperatures as well as a higher frequency of extreme weather events such as droughts and wet periods. Regionally, Canada's arctic experiences amplified temperature anomalies, which were as high as 4oC in 2016. Mean precipitation across Canada has also increased almost 20% from 1948 to 2009. Canada is especially susceptible to the effects of climate change with our Arctic and areas with reactive soils in particularly precarious positions. In the Arctic, sea ice cover has been decreasing since 1968 and snow cover since 1972. In the prairies, expansive soils react with increased wetting and drying cycles to damage linear infrastructure and buildings. In both areas, soil-climate interactions cause damage to infrastructure. What is affected by climate change-driven permafrost degradation? All infrastructure in the north including residences, commercial buildings, Canada's defence systems, airports, winter and all-weather roads, railways, and pipelines, which are constructed in permafrost. What is affected by increased frequency of drought and wet periods? Thousands of kilometers of roads, rail, and pipelines as well as residential, commercial and government buildings in the Prairies. Unfortunately, the majority of this infrastructure has not been designed to account for climate change effects. The Canadian Government should be leading the efforts to assess, prepare, and act on climate change. However, 14 out of 19 federal departments have not fully assessed the risks of climate change leaving much of the federal government's $66 billion of assets at risk. The devastating effects of climate change-driven permafrost degradation and increased wet-dry events will affect Canadian society, sustainable life in the arctic, government infrastructure, economic growth, resource development, and Canada's defence systems. Dr Siemens will use an integrated field-experimental-computational approach to examine, investigate, and provide solutions for these urgent and important questions for Canadians:******How will arctic infrastructure remain sustainable in the face of climate change-driven permafrost degradation?******How can the service life of infrastructure constructed in expansive soils be extended to survive climate change effects?*********This grant will support 6 Phd Students to perform integrated field-experimental-computational studies to assess the impact of climate change on at-risk infrastructure and to devise sustainability strategies to mitigate climate change effects.

在2014年和2015年设定的先前的温度记录之后，2016年是最热门的一年。实际上，全球20个全球温度异常完全来自过去22年。 气候变化具有升高的全球温度以及较高的极端天气事件（例如干旱和潮湿时期）的频率。在区域上，加拿大的北极经历放大了温度异常，2016年高达4OC。从1948年到2009年，整个加拿大的平均降水量也增加了近20％。加拿大尤其容易受到北极气候变化的影响，而我们的北极地区和在尤其稳固的位置具有反应性土壤的地区。在北极，自1968年以来，海冰覆盖率一直在减少，自1972年以来一直在雪覆盖。在大草原中，膨胀的土壤会随着润湿和干燥周期的增加而反应，以损害线性基础设施和建筑物。在这两个地区，土壤气候相互作用会损害基础设施。气候变化驱动的多年冻土降解对什么影响？北部的所有基础设施，包括住宅，商业建筑，加拿大的国防系统，机场，冬季和全天候道路，铁路和管道，这些道路是永久冻土的。干旱和潮湿时期频率增加会影响什么？数千公里的道路，铁路和管道以及大草原的住宅，商业和政府建筑。不幸的是，大多数此基础设施尚未旨在解释气候变化的影响。加拿大政府应领导评估，准备和针对气候变化的努力。但是，在19个联邦部门中，有14个尚未完全评估气候变化的风险，使联邦政府的660亿美元资产处于危险之中。气候变化驱动的多年冻土降解和增加湿干事件的毁灭性影响将影响加拿大社会，北极的可持续生活，政府基础设施，经济增长，资源发展和加拿大的国防系统。西门子博士将使用一种综合实验性计算方法来检查，调查和为加拿大人的这些紧急和重要问题提供解决方案：**********************************************************************************构建的基础构建的范围如何？ 6名博士生将进行综合现场实验性计算研究，以评估气候变化对高危基础设施的影响，并设计可持续性策略以减轻气候变化的影响。