Developing high-performance Chinook salmon stocks for use in aquaculture: microbiome, alternative reproductive tactics and cryopreservation

开发用于水产养殖的高性能奇努克鲑鱼种群：微生物组、替代繁殖策略和冷冻保存

• 批准号: 488302-2015
• 负责人: Pitcher, Trevor
• 金额: $ 1.64万
• 依托单位: University of Windsor
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Collaborative Research and Development Grants
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2018-01-01 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=662266
• 关键词: Developing; performance; Chinook; salmon; stocks

The primary objectives of the proposed research are to (1) improve broodstock production and quality via a better understanding of the gut microbiome, growth and flesh quality genetic markers and the use of male alternative reproductive tactics and (2) to create an affordable and reliable protocol to cryopreserve genes for the best lines of Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) for use in the Organic Salmon Aquaculture industry on the west coast of Canada. The broodstock and strains must therefore not only have high growth and reproductive performance, they must also have exceptional disease resistance, because theraputant use is not possible. We will address our objectives with 3 broad goals; (1) use the existing broodstock of Chinook salmon at our Industrial partner's (Yellow Island Aquaculture Ltd.; hereafter YIAL) facility to conduct a quantitative genetic based study of the gut microbiome, gut wall transcriptome and a genotype-by-sequencing (GBS) approach to detecting growth and flesh quality single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers to improve broodstock performance, (2) evaluate the use of both male alternative reproductive tactics to improve broodstock production using a split-clutch in-vitro quantitative genetic breeding experiment, and (3) develop an affordable and reliable sperm cryopreservation method to store genes (genome banking) of optimal lines of salmon produced by this research and other ongoing research at our industrial partner's facility. The proposed project will not only provide solutions for the salmon aquaculture industry, it will also increase our knowledge of the genetic architecture of fitness-related traits in Chinook salmon. The proposed research will therefore provide opportunities for the academic partners to collaborate with the Canadian aquaculture industry, as well as generate applied and basic science, highly trained students and publications.******

拟议研究的主要目标是（1）通过更好地了解肠道微生物组、生长和肉质遗传标记以及使用雄性替代繁殖策略来提高亲鱼产量和质量，以及（2）创建负担得起且可靠的冷冻保存最佳奇努克鲑鱼（Oncorhynchus tshawytscha）品系基因的协议，用于加拿大西海岸的有机鲑鱼水产养殖业。 因此，亲鱼和品系不仅必须具有高生长和繁殖性能，还必须具有出色的抗病性，因为不可能使用治疗剂。 我们将通过 3 个广泛目标来实现我们的目标； (1) 使用我们工业合作伙伴（黄岛水产养殖有限公司；以下简称 YIAL）设施中现有的奇努克鲑鱼亲鱼，对肠道微生物组、肠壁转录组和基因型测序 (GBS) 进行定量遗传学研究检测生长和肉质单核苷酸多态性 (SNP) 标记以提高亲鱼性能的方法，(2) 评估使用两种雄性替代繁殖策略来提高亲鱼产量分体离合体外定量遗传育种实验，(3) 开发一种经济实惠且可靠的精子冷冻保存方法，用于存储本研究和我们工业合作伙伴设施中其他正在进行的研究产生的最佳鲑鱼品系的基因（基因组库）。 拟议的项目不仅将为鲑鱼养殖业提供解决方案，还将增加我们对奇努克鲑鱼健康相关性状遗传结构的了解。 因此，拟议的研究将为学术合作伙伴提供与加拿大水产养殖业合作的机会，并产生应用和基础科学、训练有素的学生和出版物。******