Geodynamics of the continental mantle lithosphere: Investigations into active and ancient evolution of continental plate boundaries and interiors

大陆地幔岩石圈的地球动力学：大陆板块边界和内部的活跃和古代演化研究

• 批准号: RGPIN-2014-06003
• 负责人: Pysklywec, Russell
• 金额: $ 3.79万
• 依托单位: University of Toronto
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2018-01-01 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=662744
• 关键词: Geodynamics; continental; mantle; lithosphere; Investigations

The proposed research will investigate the dynamics of the continental mantle lithosphere and its relationship to crustal tectonics. The mantle lithosphere is the sub-crustal portion of the Earth's lithosphere and makes up the largest component member of the continental tectonic plates. Compared to the overlying crust and fluid mantle below, its evolution is little studied and poorly understood. The research program will make tangible advancements in our understanding of this part of the Earth by answering important outstanding questions in three targeted environments where continental mantle lithosphere is/was tectonically active: (1). How and why does mantle lithosphere get completely/partially removal in some regions and what are consequences at the surface?; (2) What happens when continental mantle lithosphere collides at a plate boundary zone?; (3) What causes episodes of "intraplate" tectonics where plate deformation occurs distant from plate boundaries? The research will explore these questions in tectonically strategic field areas including the Eurekan Orogeny in Canada's high arctic, the alpine plate boundary zone of the South Island of New Zealand, the plateaus of Anatolia, and the Apennine orogen of Italy. **We use computational geodynamics for research and are developing advanced new 4-dimensional tools for this work, where we consider evolution of the models through time and in three spatial dimensions. The modelling tools are distinguished from others used for global tectonics as they incorporate viscous-plastic rheologies, multi-component systems, and boundary conditions that allow for the thermomechanical exploration of the complex coupled mantle-mantle lithosphere-crust-surface. The research will also be innovative and distinct among geodynamics studies by using a multidisciplinary top-down methodology where observational constraints--geological, geophysical, geodetic--are integrated directly into the computational analyses. With the new geodynamics tools and methodology and the targeted field studies, the research will make significant progress in our knowledge of lithospheric dynamics and how continental tectonics works.**The proposed research is significant for exploring what is a fundamental gap in our understanding of plate tectonic processes-how and why continental plates are geologically active. The mantle lithosphere is the bridge between the mantle thermal engine and tectonically active crust and this research will help reveal what drives plate tectonics on our active Earth. Also, as the site for the genesis of diamond bearing volcanic kimberlite pipes, the study of the evolution of the continental mantle lithosphere has direct implications for understanding the development of important resources within Canada's mineral industry. Across a broader frontier, the research will help decipher the geologic evolution of terrestrial bodies such as Venus, Mars, Io, and Europa that display much different surface tectonic activity compared to Earth.

拟议的研究将研究大陆地幔岩石圈的动力学及其与地壳构造学的关系。 地幔岩石圈是地球岩石圈的亚地壳部分，是大陆构造板中最大的成分。 与下面的地壳上衣和液体地幔相比，其进化很少研究且理解不足。 该研究计划将通过在三个目标环境中回答大陆地幔岩石圈是/是构造活动的三个目标环境中的重要问题，从而在我们对地球这一部分的理解中取得了切实的进步：（1）。 地幔岩石圈如何以及为什么在某些区域完全/部分去除？地面的后果是什么？ （2）当大陆地幔岩石圈在板边界区域发生碰撞时会发生什么？ （3）是什么引起“板内”构造的发作，而板块变形远离板边界？ 该研究将在构造战略田地区域探索这些问题，包括加拿大高北极造山基，新西兰南岛的高山板边界区，安纳托利亚的高原和意大利的阿平宁造型。 **我们使用计算地球动力学进行研究，并正在为这项工作开发高级新的4维工具，在该工程中，我们考虑了通过时间和三个空间维度的模型演变。 建模工具与用于全球构造学的其他建模工具融合了粘性塑性流变，多组分系统和边界条件，从而可以对复杂的耦合地幔层岩石层裂纹 - 表面进行热力学探索。 通过使用多学科自上而下的方法，这项研究还将是创新的，并且在地球动力学研究中将是独特的，在这种方法中，观察性约束（地理学，地球物理，地球测量学）才直接整合到计算分析中。 借助新的地球动力学工具和方法论以及有针对性的现场研究，这项研究将在我们对岩石圈动力学以及大陆构造的工作方式方面取得重大进展。 地幔岩石圈是地幔热发动机与构造活跃的地壳之间的桥梁，这项研究将有助于揭示什么驱动我们活跃的地球上的板块构造。 同样，作为钻石轴承木材金伯利特管的起源的地点，对大陆地幔岩石圈的演变的研究对理解加拿大矿物工业内重要资源的发展具有直接的影响。 在更广泛的边界，这项研究将有助于解读与地球相比的地面构造活动，如金星，火星，IO和欧罗巴等地质的地质演化。