High-resolution Holocene climate derived from lacustrine sediment: stable isotope evidence from organic and inorganic proxy material

来自湖泊沉积物的高分辨率全新世气候：来自有机和无机代理材料的稳定同位素证据

• 批准号: RGPIN-2015-04140
• 负责人: Patterson, William
• 金额: $ 1.6万
• 依托单位: University of Saskatchewan
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2018-01-01 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=661738
• 关键词: resolution; Holocene; climate; derived; lacustrine

UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon declared climate change as "the defining challenge of our era.Grave as it may be, today's financial crisis is a passing storm from which we will recover, we cannot say that about the potential catastrophe of global warming." This interdisciplinary DG seeks to characterize modern meteorological/isotopic parameters (d18OH2O and dDH2O) of surface waters from western Canada and characterize Holocene climate from lake sediment and molluscan isotope proxy data (d18OCaCO3/d13CCaCO3/d13Corg/d15Norg/ dDcell/d18Ocell). Changes in seasonality of temperature and precipitation recorded by stable isotope proxy data during abrupt climate change intervals that punctuate long-term trends will be derived by micromilling mollusc shells for carbonate d18O and d13C values. There is currently no issue of greater scientific significance and urgency than gaining an understanding of the Earth's climate system in the modern and through time. It is critical to all aspects of human society, as well as for global and regional ecosystems, that we increase our understanding of both past and contemporary climatic regimes in order that we may better predict, and prepare for future changes in climate. ***At particular risk are the high latitudes where decreasing sea ice directly affects biota, thermohaline circulation, heat transport, and the radiation balance, as well as human systems. Melting permafrost will generate methane and CO2 that will further warm the atmosphere. Ice roads that supply northern communities and oil/mining infrastructure will operate less frequently, thereby increasing costs as well as risk of accidents and spills in delicate pristine environments. Northern communities face new and ever more daunting challenges as their way of life is further threatened. Migrations will be altered and whole ecosystems may move north and/or disappear. Particularly sensitive to climate change are regions that have agriculture and/or fishing-based economies, large heating energy requirements, and/or marginal water supplies.***Because Canada is not isolated from other Northern Hemispheric landmasses and oceans, all must be evaluated together if we are to understand past, present, and future changes in Canada. Our recent research has revealed that moisture transport over Central America is directly related to moisture and heat transport to the North Atlantic, and that the Canadian Arctic is more sensitive to climate change than previously thought. The proposed Discovery Grant research will recreate temperature, moisture cycling, and atmospheric circulation at a variety of time-scales (decadal to subannual) to evaluate teleconnections between locations. We will apply time-series analysis to these proxy data to evaluate climate-change periodicity in the past as a function of location to better predict regional responses to anthropogenic forcing in the future.

联合国秘书长班基金（Ban Ki-Moon）宣布气候变化为“我们时代的决定性挑战。可能是，当今的金融危机是一场过去的风暴，我们将康复，我们不能说关于全球变暖的潜在灾难。”这种跨学科的DG试图表征来自加拿大西部地表水的现代气象/同位素参数（D18OH2O和DDH2O），并表征了来自湖泊沉积物和Molluscan同位素同位素的全新世气候（D18OCACO3/D18OCACO3/D13CCACO3/D13CACO3/D13CORG/D13CORG/D15CORG/D15NORG）的全新世气候。在突然的气候变化间隔中，通过稳定的同位素代理数据记录的温度和降水的季节性变化将通过微米壳的碳酸盐D18O和D13C值来得出长期趋势。目前，没有比对现代和随着时间的时候了解地球气候系统的理解更具有更大的科学意义和紧迫性的问题。对于人类社会以及全球和区域生态系统的各个方面，我们都会提高对过去和当代气候制度的理解，以便我们可以更好地预测并为未来的气候变化做准备。 ***特别风险的是高纬度，其中减少海冰直接影响生物触发，热盐循环，热传输和辐射平衡以及人类系统。永久冻土的融化将产生甲基甲烷和二氧化碳，从而进一步温暖大气。供应北部社区以及石油/采矿基础设施的冰路将较少运作，从而增加成本，以及在精致的原始环境中发生事故和溢出的风险。随着他们的生活方式进一步威胁，北部社区面临着新的，更加艰巨的挑战。迁移将改变，整个生态系统可能向北移动和/或消失。对气候变化特别敏感的是具有可融合和/或基于捕鱼的经济，庞大的供暖能量需求和/或边缘水供应的地区。我们最近的研究表明，中美洲的水分运输与向北大西洋的水分和热运输直接相关，并且加拿大北极对气候变化的敏感性比以前想象的更为敏感。拟议的发现赠款研究将在各种时间尺度（年代到年度）上重现温度，水分循环和大气环流，以评估位置之间的远程连接。我们将将时间序列分析应用于这些代理数据，以评估过去的气候变化周期性，以更好地预测未来人为强迫的区域响应。