Improving our understanding and predictions of the impacts of groundwater extraction on small streams

提高我们对地下水开采对小溪流影响的理解和预测

• 批准号: RGPIN-2016-04149
• 负责人: MacQuarrie, Kerry
• 金额: $ 1.97万
• 依托单位: University of New Brunswick
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2018-01-01 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=658367
• 关键词: Improving; our; understanding; predictions; impacts

In the upper reaches of streams, where discharge is naturally low and flow may be seasonal, groundwater extraction for water supply may cause significant changes in base flow, stream stage, wetted area, velocity and temperature. Such alterations may reduce the availability of surface water downstream and have negative consequences for sensitive aquatic organisms. With heightened awareness and pressure in many Canadian jurisdictions to better manage the surface water impacts of groundwater extraction, and the increasing evidence of the negative effects of climate change, there is a significant need for research into the connection between groundwater extraction and flow conditions in small streams. The goal of the proposed NSERC Discovery research is to advance our understanding and methods for assessing and predicting the impact of groundwater extraction (by pumping wells) on the flow conditions and water temperature in small streams. To achieve this goal three short-term integrated projects are planned that include detailed field studies and subsequent data analysis and interpretation. The field program will focus on small streams in Prince Edward Island (PEI), Canada, where there is high public and regulatory awareness and concern surrounding the effects of groundwater extraction from the sandstone bedrock aquifer on small streams. The research will produce a unique high-resolution data set including changes in primary stream hydraulic parameters such as hydraulic gradients, width, wetted area, velocity, and temperature. The data from these field studies will be interpreted numerically using three-dimensional variably-saturated flow and heat transport models, and analytical models that remain popular in practice. Although various mathematical models, of varying complexity, exist for simulating stream flow depletion, accurate field experimental data that can be used to compare to various conceptual and mathematical models are surprisingly absent, especially so for small headwater streams. The proposed discovery research is expected be scientifically significant and highly suited to peer-reviewed publication, and have almost immediate impact on regulatory decisions for groundwater extraction permits in jurisdictions that are currently grappling with this water management issue.

在河流上游，流量自然较低且流量可能具有季节性，抽取地下水供水可能会导致基流、河流水位、润湿面积、流速和温度发生显着变化。这种改变可能会减少下游地表水的可用性，并对敏感的水生生物产生负面影响。随着加拿大许多司法管辖区更好地管理地下水开采对地表水影响的认识和压力的提高，以及气候变化负面影响的证据越来越多，非常需要研究地下水开采与小规模地区水流条件之间的联系。溪流。拟议的 NSERC Discovery 研究的目标是增进我们对评估和预测地下水抽取（通过抽水井）对小溪流的流动条件和水温的影响的理解和方法。为了实现这一目标，计划开展三个短期综合项目，其中包括详细的实地研究以及随后的数据分析和解释。该实地计划将重点关注加拿大爱德华王子岛 (PEI) 的小溪流，该地区公众和监管机构对从砂岩基岩含水层抽取地下水对小溪流的影响有很高的认识和关注。该研究将产生一个独特的高分辨率数据集，包括主流水力参数的变化，例如水力梯度、宽度、润湿面积、速度和温度。这些现场研究的数据将使用三维可变饱和流动和热传输模型以及实践中仍然流行的分析模型进行数值解释。尽管存在用于模拟河流流量消耗的各种复杂程度各异的数学模型，但令人惊讶的是，缺乏可用于与各种概念和数学模型进行比较的准确现场实验数据，特别是对于小源头河流。拟议的发现研究预计具有科学意义，非常适合同行评审的出版物，并且对目前正在解决这一水管理问题的司法管辖区的地下水开采许可的监管决策几乎产生直接影响。