Development of Advanced Recovery-Separation-Degradation Solutions for Green Treatment of Oily Sludge from Petroleum Industry

石油工业含油污泥绿色处理先进回收分离降解解决方案开发

• 批准号: RGPIN-2016-05801
• 负责人: Liu, Lei
• 金额: $ 1.75万
• 依托单位: Dalhousie University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2018-01-01 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=657781
• 关键词: Development; Advanced; Recovery; Separation; Degradation

Oily sludge is a major hazardous waste generated in large volumes from the petroleum industry. Due to its toxic nature, safe disposal of oily sludge becomes challenging and costly. Economic losses can be incurred if the valuable oil is not recycled from the sludge. Previously, various methods were developed to investigate sludge oil recovery, however, mixed results have been obtained and furthermore little attention has been given to the quality of the recovered oil. In terms of the conventional oil sludge disposal approaches, most of them are either inadequate to meeting environmental standards or having various limitations. Besides, large volume of high-content oily wastewater is generated from the sludge disposal and little attention has focused on its effective treatment. Thus, there are growing interests for better oily sludge recovery and treatment solutions. In response to the needs, the proposed research will focus on the advancement and development of novel and green oil recovery and waste disposal technologies. The perspectives of Recovery (of oil), Separation (of wastes), and Degradation (of hydrocarbons) are the main mechanisms for achieving the goals through the following designed tasks: (1) To develop advanced oil recovery approaches with improved oil recovery efficiency and high-purified oil quality through using an integrated techniques of supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC); (2) To discover new microbial strains with high capabilities in producing bio-surfactants and recovering oil from sludge, and their ability in recovering oil will be assessed through an optimized sludge washing process; (3) To explore the biodegradability of residual sludge (i.e., the sludge after its majority of oil being recover by bio-surfactant and SFE techniques) under designed bio-augmentation scenarios for further waste disposal; (4) To develop a submerged PTFE-membrane-bioreactor microfiltration-adsorption unit (PTFE-MABR) through using a new synthetic membrane material and a green process design for handling large volume of high-content oily wastewater generated from the sludge treatment process. A variety of absorbents will be used in conjunction with the MBR unit to remove the impurities in the wastewater effluent. The proposed research will focus on Canada's oily sludge issue and aims to develop green technologies for improving oily sludge management practices in Canada. The research outputs will be informative for sound design of oily sludge treatment in industrial application, and will eventually benefit petroleum industrial stakeholders, Canadian communities and environment. The proposed research will also help train a number of HQPs for enhancing their abilities to address Canada's future environmental challenges.********

含油污泥是石油工业中大量产生的主要危险废物。由于其有毒性质，含油污泥的安全处置变得具有挑战性且成本高昂。如果不从污泥中回收有价值的油，可能会造成经济损失。此前，人们开发了多种方法来研究污泥油回收，然而，所获得的结果好坏参半，而且回收油的质量很少受到关注。就传统的油泥处置方法而言，大多数方法要么不足以满足环境标准，要么存在各种局限性。此外，污泥处置过程中会产生大量高浓度含油废水，而其有效处理却很少受到关注。因此，人们对更好的含油污泥回收和处理解决方案越来越感兴趣。为了满足这一需求，拟议的研究将重点关注新型绿色石油回收和废物处理技术的进步和发展。回收（石油）、分离（废物）和降解（碳氢化合物）的视角是通过以下设计任务实现目标的主要机制：（1）开发先进的石油回收方法，提高石油回收效率和采用超临界流体萃取（SFE）和差示扫描量热法（DSC）综合技术，获得高纯度油品； （2）发现具有高效生产生物表面活性剂和从污泥中回收油脂的新微生物菌株，并通过优化的污泥洗涤工艺来评估其回收油脂的能力； （3）探索剩余污泥（即通过生物表面活性剂和SFE技术回收大部分油后的污泥）在设计的生物强化方案下的可生物降解性，以进一步处置废物； （4）采用新型合成膜材料和绿色工艺设计，开发浸没式PTFE膜生物反应器微滤吸附装置（PTFE-MABR），用于处理污泥处理过程中产生的大量高浓度含油废水。多种吸收剂将与MBR装置结合使用，以去除废水中的杂质。拟议的研究将重点关注加拿大的含油污泥问题，旨在开发绿色技术以改善加拿大的含油污泥管理实践。研究成果将为工业应用中含油污泥处理的合理设计提供信息，并最终使石油工业利益相关者、加拿大社区和环境受益。拟议的研究还将帮助培训一些总部人员，以提高他们应对加拿大未来环境挑战的能力。********