Non-Covalent Immobilization Methods for Homogeneous Organic Catalysts

均相有机催化剂的非共价固定方法

• 批准号: RGPIN-2018-06086
• 负责人: MacQuarrie, Stephanie
• 金额: $ 1.75万
• 依托单位: Cape Breton University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2018-01-01 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=658368
• 关键词: Non; Covalent; Immobilization; Methods; Homogeneous

Catalytic reactions provide green, efficient, and selective syntheses of organic compounds when compared to waste-generating stoichiometric methods. However, many catalytic transformations are homogeneous and transition metal based. Metal impurities often remain in the desired compound after isolation and purification. Although selective homogeneous organocatalysts can be used, their activities and stabilities are often low, and their handling too demanding for economically viable industrial applications. The application and design of highly active heterogeneous organic catalysts has broad impacts in fine chemical and active pharmaceutical synthesis, yet to-date very few have made it to industrial practice due to limited reactivity and scope. Over the next five years the MacQuarrie group will implement an innovative method of supporting an array of chiral organic catalysts with enhanced homogeneous properties via charge matching between the ionically bound catalyst and the charged supports. The catalyst will not be rigidly bound to the surface enhancing reactivity and availability to reagents and stereocontrol will be improved over homogeneous analogues do to the confined environments the catalysts are placed in. The materials will be prepared in as inexpensive and green a manner as possible and the supports will range from highly ordered silicas to renewable resources such as biochar. Herein, we will take advantage of the charged nature of biochar (through its retained oxygen based functional groups) to enable facile heterogenization of several classes of organocatalysts. The proposed research program will be completed primarily with BSc students, however graduate students are included via adjunct status, to diversify the group and promote BSc students to consider graduate school. All students are trained for independent operation of on-site equipment, and senior BSc students, technicians, and postdoctoral researchers are paired with the BSc students on the projects, providing laboratory supervision. MacQuarrie has a well-established industrial collaboration with BioEnergy Inc. and the Lousibourg Seafoods Inc., both of which have provided in-kind funding for a postdoctoral researcher which is of paramount importance, providing consistency in research and facilitating student supervision, but their projects are fairly limited to industrially relevant work.

与废物产生化学计量方法相比，催化反应提供了有机化合物的绿色，高效和选择性合成。但是，许多催化转化是基于均质和过渡金属的。分离和纯化后，金属杂质通常保留在所需的化合物中。尽管可以使用选择性均匀的有机催化剂，但它们的活动和稳定性通常很低，并且对经济上可行的工业应用的要求太高了。高度活跃的异质有机催化剂的应用和设计对精细的化学和活性药物合成产生了广泛的影响，但由于反应性和范围有限，很少有人能够尽快进入工业实践。 在接下来的五年中，Macquarrie组将实施一种创新的方法，通过电荷结合的催化剂和带电的支撑物之间的电荷匹配，以增强均匀性能的手性有机催化剂来支撑一系列具有增强均匀性能的手性有机催化剂。催化剂不会与表面增强的反应性和对试剂的反应性和可用性的约束，而立体控制将改善对对催化剂所在的密闭环境的均匀类似物的改善。将材料放置在材料中。将以便宜和绿色的方式制备一种材料，并尽可能地从高度有序的硅质资源到Bioenewable bioenewable资源。本文中，我们将利用生物炭的带电性质（通过其保留的氧气官能团）来实现几类有机催化剂的便捷异质化。拟议的研究计划将主要由BSC学生完成，但是研究生通过辅助状态包括在内，以使小组多样化并促进BSC学生考虑研究生院。所有学生均接受了现场设备的独立操作培训，而高级BSC的学生，技术人员和博士后研究人员则与项目中的BSC学生配对，提供实验室监督。 Macquarrie与Bioenergy Inc.和Lousibourg Seafoods Inc.建立了完善的工业合作，这两者都为博士后研究人员提供了内在的资金，这至关重要，这在研究和促进学生监督方面具有一致性，但其项目对工业相关的工作非常有限。