Vibrational spectrochemical imaging studies of materials from macro to nanoscale

从宏观到纳米尺度材料的振动光谱化学成像研究

• 批准号: RGPIN-2017-05931
• 负责人: Gough, Kathleen
• 金额: $ 3.28万
• 依托单位: University of Manitoba
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2018-01-01 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=652248
• 关键词: Vibrational; spectrochemical; imaging; studies; materials

Critical chemical interactions occur at the nanoscale but have impact at every dimension. My students and I tackle the challenges inherent in imaging the chemistry of materials at length scales from one thousandth to one billionth of a meter, using model systems for proof of principle. Specifically, we probe the chemical composition of matter with visible and infrared light, using a technique called vibrational spectroscopy. With this program, I strive to be a world leader in vibrational spectrochemical imaging, training young scientists in groundbreaking techniques to solve puzzles related to important materials and environmental issues. My short term objectives represent real-world problems that span the nano to macro resolution scale, in new materials made from renewable resources to the impact of climate change on Arctic sea ice diatoms, key members of the marine food web. We take established principles of vibrational spectroscopy to the scientific frontier, using best diffraction-limited optics, our newly-patented accessory for infrared tomography, and super-resolution techniques that break the infrared diffraction limit. We devise novel methods to retain native molecular architecture, allowing us to elucidate localized chemistry and make accurate interpretations of this previously inaccessible micro and nanoscale data.***In one branch of my program, we use spectrochemical imaging to identify chemical changes in single-celled microorganisms under normal and stress conditions. Why? We can discover how nutrient and light levels, and community interactions affect Arctic sea ice diatoms, key to predicting their likely responses to global climate change and decreasing sea ice. We can learn how the cell wall ultrastructure of Candida albicans is affected by external stimuli, especially antifungal treatments. ***In the other branch, we analyze natural and synthetic fibres at the micro and nanoscale. We aim to maximize the added-value of post-harvest waste-stream fibre, a renewable resource, and improve production quality of bio-inspired synthetic silk materials that depend on molecular composition, orientation and conformation. We will better understand the self-assembly of collagens, biomolecules that perform essential functions in the healthy body and are basic to tissue engineering materials. Finally, we will aid the design of new contact-active self-disinfective surfaces, a disruptive technology created to prevent cross-infection in hospitals and contamination of food during processing or packaging. ***Our spectroscopic capabilities will accelerate completely new avenues of discovery. My students, skilled in these techniques, will be able to connect consequences from the molecular to macroscopic length scales, and be ready to contribute to the advancement of fundamental knowledge, aiding environmental, health and advanced manufacturing initiatives in Canada.

关键的化学相互作用发生在纳米级，但在每个维度都有影响。我和我的学生使用模型系统来证明原理的模型系统，以从千分之一到十亿米的材料化学成像材料化学固有的挑战。具体而言，我们使用一种称为振动光谱法的技术探测物质的化学组成。通过该计划，我努力成为振动光谱化学成像的世界领导者，培训年轻科学家开创性的技术，以解决与重要材料和环境问题有关的难题。我的短期目标代表了跨纳米到宏观分辨率量表的现实世界中的问题，这是由可再生资源制成的新材料到气候变化对北极海冰硅藻的影响，这是海洋食品网的主要成员。我们使用最佳的衍射限制光学器件，我们的新专门的红外层析成像附件以及破坏红外衍射限制的超分辨率技术，将振动光谱的既定原理纳入科学领域。我们设计了保留天然分子结构的新方法，使我们能够阐明局部化学，并准确地解释了这种先前无法访问的微观和纳米级数据。在正常和应力条件下的细胞微生物。为什么？我们可以发现养分和光水平以及社区互动如何影响北极海冰硅藻，这是预测其可能对全球气候变化的反应和减少海冰的反应的关键。我们可以了解白色念珠菌的细胞壁超微结构如何受到外部刺激，尤其是抗真菌治疗的影响。 ***在另一个分支中，我们分析了微观和纳米级的天然和合成纤维。我们旨在最大程度地提高收获后废物流纤维的附加价值，可再生资源，并提高依赖于分子组成，方向和构象的生物启发的合成丝绸材料的生产质量。我们将更好地了解胶原蛋白的自组装，在健康体内发挥重要功能的生物分子，并且是组织工程材料的基本功能。最后，我们将帮助设计新的接触活动自我养育表面，这是一种破坏性的技术，旨在防止医院交叉感染和在加工或包装期间对食物的污染。 ***我们的光谱能力将加速全新的发现途径。我的学生，熟练的这些技术，将能够将分子的后果与宏观长度尺度联系起来，并准备为加拿大的基本知识，有助于环境，健康和先进的制造计划的发展做出贡献。