Acclimation and adaptation of phytoplankton to changing climate

浮游植物对气候变化的驯化和适应

基本信息

批准号：
311846-2013
负责人：
Finkel, Zoe
金额：
$ 2.91万
依托单位：
Dalhousie University
依托单位国家：
加拿大
项目类别：
Discovery Grants Program - Individual
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
加拿大
起止时间：
2018-01-01 至 2019-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=650749
关键词：
Acclimation adaptation phytoplankton changing climate

项目摘要

Climate change over the next century is projected to alter fundamental physical and chemical properties of the ocean including water temperature, pH, circulation, and light and nutrient regimes in the surface ocean. Such changes in environmental conditions are expected to transform the structure and function of phytoplankton communities. Photosynthetic production by phytoplankton fuels the marine food web and regulates the ocean's capacity to act as a carbon sink. Currently there is a lack of consensus amongst model projections for exactly how climate change will alter phytoplankton community structure, net primary production, and the rate of transport of carbon into the ocean. Model projections are fundamentally limited by the current lack of understanding of the capacity of phytoplankton to both acclimate and to adapt to changes in environmental conditions over a range of different timescales from hours to years. We propose to assess the capacity of phytoplankton to acclimate and adapt to temperature change over different timescales by measuring differences in whole gene expression sequences, growth rate, and physiological traits across diatom strains exposed to different temperatures and temperature regimes over timescales of hours to years. The objective of this work is to I) determine the capacity of phytoplankton to physiologically acclimate and adapt to changes in temperature over different timescales, II) identify genes and physiological mechanisms associated with temperature acclimation and adaptation, and III) determine if there is an energy (photon or carbon) or nutrient (nitrogen or phosphorus) cost associated with temperature acclimation and adaptation. The findings from this work has significant implications for understanding how phytoplankton communities, the marine food web, and the ocean carbon sink are likely to respond to future climate change.******

预计下一世纪的气候变化将改变海洋的基本物理和化学特性，包括水温，pH，循环以及地表海洋中的光和营养方案。这种环境条件中的这种变化有望改变浮游植物群落的结构和功能。 Phytoplankton的光合作用生产增强了海洋食品网，并调节了海洋作为碳汇的能力。当前，模型预测之间缺乏共识，即气候变化将如何改变浮游植物社区结构，净初级生产以及碳进入海洋的运输速度。模型预测从根本上受到了目前对浮游植物能力的了解，以适应浮游植物的能力，并适应了从小时到几年的不同时间表中环境条件的变化。我们建议评估浮游植物的能力，通过测量在小时至数年的时间表上，在时间尺度上，暴露于不同温度和温度方案的整个基因表达序列，生长速率和生理性状的差异，通过衡量整个基因表达序列，生长速率和生理性状的差异，来适应不同时间尺度的温度变化。这项工作的目的是i）确定浮游植物在生理上适应和适应不同时间尺度温度变化的能力，ii）确定与温度适应和适应相关的基因和生理机制，以及iiii）确定能量是否存在能量。（光子或碳）或养分（氮或磷）与温度适应和适应相关的成本。这项工作的发现对了解浮游植物社区，海洋食品网和海洋碳汇率如何应对未来的气候变化有重大影响。******