Uptake, transport and subduction of heat and carbon in the Southern Ocean

南大洋热量和碳的吸收、输送和俯冲

• 批准号: RGPIN-2018-04985
• 负责人: Dufour, Carolina
• 金额: $ 2.99万
• 依托单位: McGill University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2018-01-01 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=649701
• 关键词: Uptake; transport; subduction; heat; carbon

The Southern Ocean plays a crucial role in the climate system by taking up large amounts of anthropogenic heat and carbon. Over recent decades, the Southern Ocean has experienced significant changes that are expected to further intensify over the 21st century and have the potential to greatly impact anthropogenic carbon and heat uptake, with large consequences for global sea level rise and warming. Despite its pivotal role in climate, the Southern Ocean remains one of the most undersampled regions of the global ocean and where climate models generally perform most poorly. ***The long-term objective of this program is to contribute to a better understanding and quantification of oceanic processes that control changes in the Southern Ocean circulation, carbon cycle and cryosphere. The specific objectives of this work are to investigate how heat and carbon are (1) transported meridionally across intense fronts and towards the Antarctic continent, (2) taken up by the Southern Ocean, and (3) subducted into the interior ocean. Of particular interest to this work is the role of mesoscale eddies. These transient or standing oceanic features of the order of 10 to 100 km are thought to play a significant role in the transport and subduction of heat and carbon, and in the uptake of carbon. By combining state-of-the art climate model simulations and the most recent observations of the Southern Ocean, this work is well poised to advance our knowledge on the current and future role of the Southern Ocean in the climate system.***This research program will lead to a better understanding of the Southern Ocean circulation and its interactions with the cryosphere and impact on the carbon cycle. In particular, the completion of the proposed work will (1) help inform current efforts to parameterize mesoscale eddies in coarse-resolution climate models; (2) provide feedbacks to the modeling community as to whether finer ocean resolution in models should be pursued in the future, and (3) provide some guidance to future observational programs, in particular on the strategy of deployment for autonomous floats. This work will ultimately contribute to more accurate climate simulations and better predictions of the future Southern Ocean. Benefits to Canada include (i) supporting the development of oceanographic research in the country, (ii) training students of all cycles in oceanography, and (iii) advancing Canada's leadership role in research on polar regions.**

南方海洋在气候系统中起着至关重要的作用，通过吸收大量的人为热和碳。近几十年来，南大洋经历了重大变化，预计将在21世纪进一步加剧，并有可能极大地影响人为的碳和热吸收，这对全球海平面上升和变暖产生了很大的影响。尽管南洋在气候中具有关键作用，但仍是全球海洋中最不突出的地区之一，气候模型通常表现较差。 ***该计划的长期目标是有助于更好地理解和量化海洋过程，以控制南方海洋循环，碳循环和冷冻圈的变化。这项工作的具体目的是研究热量和碳的含量（1）在强烈的阵线和南极大陆上下午运输，（2）被南部海洋接收，以及（3）俯冲到室内海洋。这项工作特别感兴趣的是中尺度涡流的作用。认为10至100 km的瞬时或站立的海洋特征在热，碳的运输和俯冲以及碳的吸收中起着重要作用。 通过结合最先进的气候模型模拟和对南方海洋的最新观察，这项工作有望促进我们对南方海洋当前和未来在气候系统中的当前和未来作用的了解。***这项研究程序将使人们更好地了解南方海洋循环及其与冰圈的相互作用，并对碳循环产生影响。特别是，提议的工作的完成将（1）帮助当前的努力，以参数化粗分辨率气候模型中的中尺度涡流； （2）向建模社区提供了反馈，即将来是否应在模型中提出更精细的海洋解决方案，（3）为将来的观察计划提供了一些指导，尤其是关于自主浮子部署策略的指导。这项工作最终将有助于更准确的气候模拟，并更好地预测未来的南大洋。对加拿大的好处包括（i）支持该国海洋研究的发展，（ii）培训所有海洋学周期的学生，以及（iii）加拿大在极地地区的研究中的领导作用。**