Exploring the origin and fate of the universe with millimeter-wave and radio instrumentation and observations

利用毫米波和无线电仪器和观测探索宇宙的起源和命运

• 批准号: RGPIN-2014-03975
• 负责人: Dobbs, Matt
• 金额: $ 6.34万
• 依托单位: McGill University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2018-01-01 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=649392
• 关键词: Exploring; origin; fate; universe; millimeter

The proposed research program develops technology and uses direct astrophysical measurements to shed light on the origin, fate, and composition of the universe.**With the South Pole Telescope, we recently made the first detection of the faint B-mode component of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation. B-modes encode information about the mass distribution over the entire observable universe through gravitational lensing and may eventually allow us to detect gravity waves emanating from early universe inflation--a holy grail for observational cosmology. With data from the upcoming 3 year observing period, we will reach map depths that allow us to accurately characterize the polarization signal and detect or place exciting new limits on gravity waves from inflation. In addition, we are developing a next generation SPT polarimeter, for which will be building and deploying a new readout system that enables an order of magnitude larger focal plane.**The Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment (CHIME) is a novel new radio telescope that will map the largest volume of the universe observed to date and may unlock the mysteries of Dark Energy. Our group played a key role in developing the CHIME concept, demonstrating its feasibility, and obtaining funding for the telescope construction. CHIME will use 21 cm emission from neutral hydrogen as a tracer of the matter distribution in the universe, allowing us to measure the apparent scale of the tiny Baryon Acoustic Oscillation (BAO) anisotropy as a function of redshift. CHIME is designed to observe the key epoch when the universe was 1/5 to 1/2 of its present age (redshift z=0.8 to 2.5) and the expansion of the Universe transitioned from decelerating to accelerating, driven by Dark Energy.*Using the BAO as a standard ruler, we will measure the expansion history of the universe and provide a new window which may potentially unlock the physics of Dark Energy. As a full-scale digital radio telescope with no moving parts, CHIME is also an entirely new telescope paradigm for radio astronomy surveys. Building on my group's successes in CMB instrumentation and analysis, we are at the core of the CHIME instrument design and realization, taking responsibility for the GHz digitizers and FPGA-based correlator. **The activities which will be undertaken in this grant period are:**(1) Develop and commission CHIME to make the best measurement of Baryon Acoustic Oscillations at redshift 1 to 2.5, placing new constraints on Dark Energy. Pioneer the correlator instrumentation techniques, calibration, observing strategy and data analysis for cylindrical digital radio telescopes.**(2) Analyze new data from the South Pole Telescope polarimeter (SPTpol), with a focus on the B-mode component of the CMB polarization where the gravitational lensing signal dominates and inflationary gravity waves may be detectable. Build on our group's cluster cosmology experience to use Sunyaev Zel'dovich selected galaxy clusters from the SPT-SZ and deep SPTpol temperature fields to study the growth of structure in the universe.**(3) Develop the next generation of bolometer readout systems for new experiments including the South Pole Telescope 3rd generation receiver, the Simons Array telescopes, and future satellite-based mm-wavelength telescopes.**My group has earned an international reputation for driving advances in instrumentation that enable new cosmology measurements. Group members, which include astronomers, physicists and engineers, have led key science papers resulting from the instruments we've built. We collaborate frequently with industrial partners and spin-off technology has been used by many researchers internationally.

拟议的研究计划开发了技术，并使用直接的天体物理测量来阐明宇宙的起源，命运和组成。 B模型通过重力镜头编码有关整个可观察到的宇宙中质量分布的信息，并最终可能使我们能够检测出早期宇宙通货膨胀产生的重力波 - 一种观察性宇宙学的圣杯。借助即将到来的3年观察期的数据，我们将达到地图深度，使我们能够准确地表征极化信号并检测或对引起通货膨胀的重力波的激动人心的新限制。此外，我们正在开发下一代SPT极化计，其中将建立和部署一个新的读出系统，该系统能够实现更大的焦平面。我们的小组在开发钟声概念，证明其可行性并为望远镜建设中获得资金发挥了关键作用。 Chime将使用中性氢的21 cm发射作为宇宙中物质分布的示踪剂，从而使我们能够测量微小的Baryon声学振荡（BAO）各向异性的表观尺度，作为红移的功能。 Chime旨在观察关键时期，当宇宙是其当今年龄的1/5至1/2时（红移Z = 0.8至2.5），并且宇宙从减速到加速的宇宙扩展。作为没有运动部件的全尺寸数字射电望远镜，Chime也是射电天文学调查的全新望远镜范式。在我小组在CMB仪器和分析方面取得的成功，我们是Chime仪器设计和实现的核心，负责GHZ数字化器和基于FPGA的相关器。 **将在此赠款期间进行的活动是：**（1）开发和委托钟声以最佳的测量在红移1到2.5处对巴里昂声学振荡进行最佳测量，从而对黑暗能量产生了新的约束。先锋使用相关仪器技术，校准，观察策略和数据分析，用于圆柱数字射电望远镜。基于我们小组的群集宇宙学经验，利用Sunyaev Zel'Dovich从SPT-SZ和Deep SPTPOL温度领域选择的星系簇来研究宇宙结构的增长。望远镜。包括天文学家，物理学家和工程师在内的小组成员主持了由​​我们建造的工具产生的关键科学论文。我们经常与工业合作伙伴合作，而许多研究人员在国际上使用了衍生技术。