Remediation in Challenging Environments: A New Approach for Accelerating Bioremediation in Cold Climates

具有挑战性的环境中的修复：加速寒冷气候下生物修复的新方法

• 批准号: RGPIN-2014-05902
• 负责人: Chang, WonJae
• 金额: $ 1.75万
• 依托单位: University of Saskatchewan
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2017-01-01 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=636648
• 关键词: Remediation; Challenging; Environments; New; Approach

In Canada, the Federal Contaminated Sites Inventory lists more than 21,000 sites that are contaminated or suspected of being contaminated. In about 80% of the total number of contaminated sites, it is the soil environments, including surface and subsurface soils, sediments and groundwater, which are contaminated. The most frequently identified contaminants at these sites are petroleum hydrocarbons, which are non-aqueous phase liquids that include toxic and carcinogenic organic compounds. In many of the contaminated sites in Canada, hydrocarbon contamination exists in cold-climate soil environments. The ground in cold regions remains semi-frozen and frozen for 6 to 9 months of the year, which greatly shortens the active treatment period compared to temperate regions. In cold regions, current remedial strategies and on-site activities, regardless of the type of remediation technology, have often been designed to be effective only during the summer months (only 2 to 4 months per year).Considering the large number of hydrocarbon-impacted sites and the environmental risks associated with toxic and carcinogenic hydrocarbon fractions, there is a strong demand for new research and development concerning more efficient, more cost-effective, and low-energy remediation technologies for hydrocarbon-impacted soil environments in cold climates. My recent research shed light on how to overcome the current limitations of site remediation technologies applied to cold-climate sites. In the Discovery research, I will focus on how to accelerate the bioremediation during short summers and how to extend the bioremediation to non-summer months. My research program is divided into three themes: 1) New Approach for Assessing Bioremediation Feasibility and Selecting an Effective Strategy; 2) Accelerated Bioremediation during Short Summers; and 3) Extended Long-Term Bioremediation during Cold Months. The associated short-term objectives are to: 1. Quantitatively explain how bioaccessible microsites in soil particles are related to the enhancement of biodegradation activity and to the optimization of unfrozen water characteristics;2. Develop a freeze-thaw induced Separation–Dissolution–Biodegradation (SDB) ex situ treatment to be applied during short summers in cold climates;3. Enhance, measure, and predict microbial activity related to hydrocarbon biodegradation during non-summer months.My research will be expanded in the long-term to produce ‘engineering products’. A larger-scale statistical decision-making system for bioremediation that can be linked to the Federal Contaminated Sites Inventory will be developed using the results from Theme 1. The SDB process developed in Theme 2 will be tested in scale-up systems in the field and will be considered a patentable technology. From Theme 3, the developed microbial activity model will be expanded to become an effective tool for climate change-adaptive remediation design and management for mine wastes buried in seasonally freezing and thawing or frozen ground. The expected outcomes of the research into expanding decision-making models, remediation strategies, and management principles to include periods beyond short summers will clearly benefit the Canadian public, provincial and federal contaminated site programs, and the energy, mining, and remediation industries. Overall, the proposed research related to the environmental sustainability of cold regions impacted by intensified natural resource development and industrial activities will contribute to meeting Canada’s needs today and become one of the most important research fields for Canada’s future. The research is thus on the frontline of Canada’s innovation for sustainable development and environmental protection.

在加拿大，联邦污染的站点库存清单列出了21,000多个污染或怀疑被污染的地点。在被污染的地点总数的约80％中，是土壤环境，包括地面和地下土壤，沉积物和地下水，被污染。这些位点上最常见的污染物是石油烃，它们是包括有毒和致癌的有机化合物在内的非水相液体。在加拿大的许多污染地点中，在冷气候土壤环境中存在碳氢化合物污染。与温度区域相比，寒冷区域的地面保持半冻结和冷冻持续6至9个月，这大大缩短了主动治疗期。在寒冷的地区，当前的补救策略和现场活动，无论补救技术的类型如何，通常都被设计为仅在夏季（每年只有2至4个月）才能有效。考虑到大量受碳氢化合物冲击力的地点以及与毒性和毒素的高度差异相关的碳氢化合物损害，并且具有更大的效果，并且具有更大的效果，并且具有更高的研究，并且具有更高的辅助水平和发展，并且具有更大的效果，并且具有更大的效果，并且有效，并且有效地构成了辅助杂质和发展。在寒冷气候下，用于碳氢化合物冲击的土壤环境的低能补救技术。我最近的研究阐明了如何克服应用于冷气候地点的现场修复技术的当前局限性。在发现研究中，我将重点关注如何在短夏季加速生物修复以及如何将生物修复扩展到非夏季的月份。我的研究计划分为三个主题：1）评估生物修复可行性并选择有效策略的新方法； 2）在短夏季加速生物修复； 3）在寒冷的月份进行了长期生物修复。相关的短期目标是：1。定量解释土壤颗粒中的生物访问微圣面是如何与生物降解活性的增强以及未经油特性的优化有关的； 2。开发冻融诱导的分离 - 分离 - 降解 - 生物降解（SDB），将在寒冷的气候中短暂夏季应用； 3。在非夏季月份，增强，测量和预测与碳氢化合物生物降解有关的微生物活性。我的研究将长期扩展，以生产“工程产品”。可以使用主题1的结果开发与联邦污染站点库存相关的大规模生物修复统计决策系统。主题2中开发的SDB流程将在现场的规模化系统中进行测试，并将被视为可申请的技术。从主题3中，将扩展开发的微生物活动模型，成为用于在季节性冷冻和融化或冷冻地面中建造的气候变化自适应补救设计和管理的有效工具。这项研究的预期结果是扩大决策模型，补救策略和管理原则，包括夏季以外的时期，将显然使加拿大公众，省和联邦污染的现场计划以及能源，采矿和修复行业受益。总体而言，拟议的研究与受到强烈自然资源开发和工业活动影响的寒冷地区的环境可持续性有关，将有助于满足加拿大今天的需求，并成为加拿大未来最重要的研究领域之一。因此，这项研究是加拿大为可持续发展和环境保护创新的一线。