Influence of Seasonal Hydrology on Watershed Dynamics and Groundwater Vulnerability

季节性水文对流域动态和地下水脆弱性的影响

• 批准号: RGPIN-2016-03889
• 负责人: Rudolph, David
• 金额: $ 2.91万
• 依托单位: University of Waterloo
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2017-01-01 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=633875
• 关键词: Influence; Seasonal; Hydrology; Watershed; Dynamics

The sustainability of groundwater resources has become an issue of concern at a global scale particularly in light of increasing climatic extremes and the impact of legacy contaminants. Understanding and adapting to these changing realties is requiring consideration of hydrologic phenomena at the watershed scale. Conventional groundwater source protection strategies are challenged to incorporate the influences of transient hydrologic conditions and the influence of historical land use practices. Modern numerical models serve as primary tools to investigate regional groundwater sustainability and vulnerability at the watershed scale. Major challenges relate to the appropriate parameterization of these models and minimizing uncertainty in the results. Particularly challenging is the variability in groundwater recharge, which directly controls the replenishment of subsurface reservoirs and the loading of contaminants. Seasonal events including high intensity precipitation and snow melt can significantly influence recharge processes and their influence is poorly understood. The proposed research program will include three main components. The first involves field estimates of transient groundwater recharge throughout rural landscapes within southern Ontario. The information will provide insight into the transient nature of the groundwater recharge process and the variable loading patterns of contaminants under different hydrologic, geologic and topographic conditions. The second component will involve the incorporation of the recharge estimates into large scale, integrated groundwater-surface water models of the watersheds. Simulations will be conducted to compare the results of predictive estimations of regional contaminant mass loading from non-point agricultural sources, water balance calculations and capture zone dynamics based on conventional recharge estimation techniques and on an approach that incorporates measured recharge values. Overall, this work will illustrate the value of providing field measured estimates of recharge in the applicability and degree of uncertainty related to regional scale modeling. The third component involves detailed monitoring of near-surface hydrologic phenomena at locations within the watersheds where intense, short term recharge phenomena occur during seasonal climatic events. These types of local recharge phenomena are challenging to capture within a regional model and the results can provide information valuable to enhancing the regional modeling exercises and the quantification of public supply well vulnerability. Overall, the research will provide critical insight into the major processes controlling recharge phenomena and intrinsic uncertainty, and will help to inform policy makers who are in the process of re-examining groundwater source protection strategies across Canada.

地下水资源的可持续性已成为全球范围内关注的问题，尤其是鉴于气候极端的日益增加和传统污染物的影响。理解和适应这些不断变化的房地产的是需要在分水岭量表上考虑水文现象。传统的地下水源保护策略挑战纳入瞬态水文条件的影响和历史土地使用实践的影响。现代数值模型是研究区域地下水可持续性和分水岭量表的主要工具。主要挑战与这些模型的适当参数化有关，并最大程度地减少结果中的不确定性。特别具有挑战性的是地下水充电的可变性，它直接控制地下储层的补充和污染物的加载。包括高强度降水和降雪在内的季节性事件可以显着影响补给过程，并且对其影响很少了解。拟议的研究计划将包括三个主要组成部分。首先涉及整个安大略省南部农村景观的瞬态地下水充电的现场估计。该信息将提供有关地下水充电过程的瞬时性质以及在不同水文，地质和地形条件下污染物的可变负载模式的洞察力。第二个组件将涉及将充值估计值纳入大规模的，集成的地下水面水模型。将进行仿真，以比较基于常规的补给估计技术以及结合了测得的充值值的方法，比较了来自非点农业源的区域污染物质量负载的预测估计结果。总体而言，这项工作将说明在与区域规模建模相关的不确定性中提供现场测量估计值的值的价值。第三部分涉及对在季节性气候事件期间发生强烈的短期补给现象的分水岭中近地表水文现象的详细监测。这些类型的本地充值现象在区域模型中捕获具有挑战性，结果可以为增强区域建模练习和量化公共供应易受脆弱性提供有价值的信息。总体而言，这项研究将为控制充值现象和内在不确定性的主要过程提供批判性见解，并将有助于告知正在加拿大整个加拿大重新检查地下水源保护策略的决策者。