Sexual selection and the origin of species: experimental insight into adaptation, the purging of deleterious mutations, and the evolution of sexual isolation

性选择和物种起源：对适应、有害突变的清除和性隔离进化的实验洞察

基本信息

批准号：
RGPIN-2016-05038
负责人：
Rundle, Howard
金额：
$ 3.79万
依托单位：
University of Ottawa
依托单位国家：
加拿大
项目类别：
Discovery Grants Program - Individual
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
加拿大
起止时间：
2017-01-01 至 2018-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=631755
关键词：
Sexual selection origin species experimental

项目摘要

Darwin had famously wide ranging research interests but preeminent among these were the two branches of my research program: selection in relation to sex and the origin of species. With respect to the former, sexual selection occurs when individuals differ in reproductive success and it can result in the evolution of striking differences between males and females in size, appearance, and behaviour. Indeed, Darwin originally proposed his theory of sexual selection to account for the evolution of such differences, most notably traits like the peacock’s tail that are maladaptive in terms of survival. In the intervening years, we have come to understand well sexual selection’s role in the evolution of costly sexual traits. However, questions concerning other fundamental aspects of sexual selection remain unanswered and the first branch of my research program addresses two of these. First, does sexual selection promote or hinder adaptation, and second, does it help in removing the harmful mutations that arise every generation in populations? Limited attention has been given to these consequences of sexual selection for nonsexual fitness and the work that has been done tends to involve highly simplified lab environments that may be providing biased insight. My proposal describes a series of experiments that test the various population genetic consequences of sexual selection and whether and how these depend on environmental complexity.

达尔文的研究兴趣广泛，但其中最突出的是我的研究计划的两个分支：与性别有关的选择和物种起源。就前者而言，性选择发生在不同个体的繁殖成功时，并且可能导致性选择。事实上，达尔文最初提出他的性选择理论来解释这种差异的进化，其中最显着的特征，如孔雀的尾巴，在适应不良方面。生存中。多年来，我们已经很好地理解了性选择在代价高昂的性特征进化中的作用，然而，有关性选择其他基本方面的问题仍未得到解答，我的研究计划的第一个分支解决了其中两个问题。促进还是阻碍适应，第二，它是否有助于高度消除每一代人群中出现的有害突变？人们对性选择对非性健康的影响的关注有限，而且已经完成的工作倾向于涉及实验室环境？这可能会提供有偏见的见解。该提案描述了一系列实验，测试性选择对各种群体遗传的影响，以及这些影响是否以及如何依赖于环境的复杂性。