Noise in mesoscopic quantum systems

介观量子系统中的噪声

• 批准号: RGPIN-2016-04163
• 负责人: Marzlin, KarlPeter
• 金额: $ 1.6万
• 依托单位: St. Francis Xavier University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2017-01-01 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=633132
• 关键词: Noise; mesoscopic; quantum; systems

Noise, i.e., fluctuations of an observable due to external factors, is a phenomenon that affects all measurements. Studying its effects is particularly important for quantum systems because of the fragile nature of quantum correlations. Usually noise is considered detrimental because it may reduce the quality of experimental results. However, it can also play a vital role in triggering processes such as chemical reactions. Furthermore, noise can be manipulated by changing the temperature of a system’s environment, or by more advanced techniques. One example of such a technique is the improved resolution of gravitational wave detectors by using squeezed states of light instead of ordinary laser beams.

噪声，即由于外部因素而引起的可观察到的波动，是一种影响所有测量结果的现象。由于量子相关性的脆弱性质，研究其影响对于量子系统尤为重要。通常，噪声被认为是有害的，因为它可能会降低实验结果的质量。但是，它在触发化学反应等过程中也可以发挥至关重要的作用。此外，可以通过改变系统环境的温度或更高级技术来操纵噪声。这种技术的一个例子是通过使用挤压光态而不是普通的激光束改善了重力波检测器的分辨率。