Catalytic deoxygenation of biomass derived polyalcohols using acid-, water- and high-temperature stable Ruthenium complexes.

使用酸、水和高温稳定的钌络合物对生物质衍生的多元醇进行催化脱氧。

• 批准号: 217554-2013
• 负责人: Schlaf, Marcel
• 金额: $ 3.21万
• 依托单位: University of Guelph
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2017-01-01 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=632714
• 关键词: Catalytic; deoxygenation; biomass; derived; polyalcohols

Sugars and derivatives obtained by the digestion of non-food biomass such as straws, corn stover, wood chips, barks, grasses, etc., which is widely available from Canada's agriculture and forestry sectors and could in principle be used as the renewable carbon feed stock for the development of a truly sustainable chemical industry supplying fuel as well as basic chemicals for the manufacture of plastics, coatings, paints, resins, cosmetics and pharmaceuticals. From a chemist's perspective these sugar derivatives have however very different properties than the fossil carbon feeds (natural gas crude oil and coal) that presently define our technology and civilization. They therefore need to go undergo substantial chemical transformations in order to be usable as either liquid fuels or polymer building blocks. In particular, the oxygen content of the sugar derivatives is too high and their overall reactivity to uncontrollable for them to be integrated into the existing production streams of the chemical industry. In order to address this challenge, we are trying to develop new processes that can lower the oxygen content of these molecules by a process called "hydrodeoxygenation" that removes oxygen atoms as water by reaction with hydrogen gas, which in turn can be obtained by electrolysis of water using renewable electricity generated from Wind and Solar. This can convert the biomass to a carbon feed that is effectively identical to that obtained from the refining of crude oil, but ultimately originates from locally grown plant material. The realization of such hydrodeoxygenation process requires the use of catalysts, i.e., man-made metal-based compounds that can enable, accelerate and direct the type of chemical transformation required. The focus of the Schlaf Research Group at the University of Guelph is therefore on the rational design, testing and evaluation of such catalysts and the development over the overall technical process. Since at present we consume up to 10 calories of fossil carbon energy to grow and deliver 1 calorie of food to the end user (as Diesel oil to run farm machinery and delivery trucks, but also due to fertilizer and pesticide use) we believe this work to be of critical long-term strategic importance to the security of our food supply.

通过消化非食品生物质如秸秆、玉米秸秆、木片、树皮、草等而获得的糖及其衍生物，这些生物质在加拿大农业和林业部门广泛获得，原则上可以用作可再生碳饲料用于发展真正可持续化学工业的库存，为塑料、涂料、油漆、树脂、化妆品和药品的制造提供燃料和基本化学品。然而，从化学家的角度来看，这些糖衍生物与目前定义我们的技术和文明的化石碳原料（天然气、原油和煤炭）具有非常不同的特性。因此，它们需要经历大量的化学转化，才能用作液体燃料或聚合物构件。特别是，糖衍生物的氧含量太高，其整体反应性无法控制，无法融入化学工业现有的生产流程中。为了应对这一挑战，我们正在尝试开发新工艺，通过一种称为“加氢脱氧”的工艺来降低这些分子的氧含量，该工艺通过与氢气反应以水的形式去除氧原子，而氢气又可以通过电解获得使用风能和太阳能产生的可再生电力来生产水。这可以将生物质转化为碳原料，该碳原料实际上与从原油精炼中获得的碳原料相同，但最终源自当地种植的植物材料。这种加氢脱氧过程的实现需要使用催化剂，即能够实现、加速和指导所需化学转化类型的人造金属基化合物。因此，圭尔夫大学施拉夫研究小组的重点是此类催化剂的合理设计、测试和评估以及整个技术流程的开发。由于目前我们消耗多达 10 卡路里的化石碳能源来种植并向最终用户提供 1 卡路里的食物（如柴油用于驱动农用机械和送货卡车，但也由于化肥和杀虫剂的使用），我们相信这项工作有效对我们的粮食供应安全具有至关重要的长期战略意义。